{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T23:23:26Z","timestamp":1786663406233,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32101791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32101791"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ22C130007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22C130007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD1200904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1200904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32101791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32101791"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LQ22C130007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22C130007"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2023YFD1200904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1200904"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32101791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32101791"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ22C130007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22C130007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD1200904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1200904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Premature leaf senescence significantly reduces rice yields. Despite identifying numerous factors influencing these processes, the intricate genetic regulatory networks governing leaf senescence demand further exploration. We report the characterization of a stably inherited, ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)-induced rice mutant with wilted leaf tips from seedling till harvesting, designated lts2. This mutant exhibits dwarfism and early senescence at the leaf tips and margins from the seedling stage when compared to the wild type. Furthermore, lts2 displays a substantial decline in both photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of numerous osmiophilic granules in chloroplast cells near the senescent leaf tips, indicative of advanced cellular senescence. There was also a significant accumulation of H2O2, alongside the up-regulation of senescence-associated genes within the leaf tissues. Genetic mapping situated lts2 between SSR markers Q1 and L12, covering a physical distance of approximately 212 kb in chr.1. No similar genes controlling a premature senescence leaf phenotype have been identified in the region, and subsequent DNA and bulk segregant analysis (BSA) sequencing analyses only identified a single nucleotide substitution (C-T) in the exon of LOC_Os01g35860. These findings position the lts2 mutant as a valuable genetic model for elucidating chlorophyll metabolism and for further functional analysis of the gene in rice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T13:26:43Z","timestamp":1719494803000},"page":"7082","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of a New Rice Mutant, Leaf Tip Senescence 2"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5300-090X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongtao","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3032-9981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinlu","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honghuan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12284-019-0288-8","article-title":"A 3-bp deletion of WLS5 gene leads to weak growth and early leaf senescence in rice","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rice"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, S., and Masclaux-Daubresse, C. (2021). Current Understanding of Leaf Senescence in Rice. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094515"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa532","article-title":"The Rice LRR-Like1 Protein YELLOW AND PREMATURE DWARF 1 is Involved in High Light-Induced Leaf Senescence","volume":"72","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1085","article-title":"Down-Regulation of a Nicotinate Phosphoribosyltransferase Gene, OsNaPRT1, Leads to Withered Leaf Tips","volume":"171","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2021.09.006","article-title":"CLE14 functions as a \u201cbrake signal\u201d to suppress age-dependent and stress-induced leaf senescence by promoting JUB1-mediated ROS scavenging in Arabidopsis","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s43897-021-00006-9","article-title":"Leaf senescence: Progression, regulation, and application","volume":"1","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Hortic."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1105\/TPC.010061","article-title":"ORE9, an F-box protein that regulates leaf senescence in Arabidopsis","volume":"13","author":"Woo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33105","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M204630200","article-title":"The APG8\/12-activating enzyme APG7 is required for proper nutrient recycling and senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"277","author":"Doelling","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0960-7412.2001.01228.x","article-title":"Identification of a novel gene HYS1\/CPR5 that has a repressive role in the induction of leaf senescence and pathogen-defence responses in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"29","author":"Yoshida","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1438-8677.2008.00087.x","article-title":"Early leaf senescence is associated with an altered cellular redox balance in Arabidopsis cpr5\/old1 mutants","volume":"10","author":"Jing","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Biol. (Stuttg)"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2008.03670.x","article-title":"Two short-chain dehydrogenase\/reductases, NON-YELLOW COLORING 1 and NYC1-LIKE, are required for chlorophyll b and light-harvesting complex II degradation during senescence in rice","volume":"57","author":"Sato","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant J. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim, C., Kang, K., Shim, Y., Sakuraba, Y., An, G., and Paek, N.C. (2020). Rice ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 101 Promotes Leaf Senescence Through Jasmonic Acid-Mediated Regulation of OsNAP and OsMYC2. Front. Plant Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.01096"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10013","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1321568111","article-title":"OsNAP connects abscisic acid and leaf senescence by fine-tuning abscisic acid biosynthesis and directly targeting senescence-associated genes in rice","volume":"111","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.15.00991","article-title":"EARLY SENESCENCE1 Encodes a SCAR-LIKE PROTEIN2 That Affects Water Loss in Rice","volume":"169","author":"Rao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C., Liu, C.Q., Zhang, H.S., Chen, C.P., Yang, X.R., Chen, L.F., Liu, Q.S., Guo, J., Sun, C.H., and Wang, P.R. (2020). LPS1, Encoding Iron-Sulfur Subunit SDH2-1 of Succinate Dehydrogenase, Affects Leaf Senescence and Grain Yield in Rice. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22010157"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.082941","article-title":"A novel nuclear-localized CCCH-type zinc finger protein, OsDOS, is involved in delaying leaf senescence in rice","volume":"141","author":"Kong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00709-018-1310-5","article-title":"Roles of potential plant hormones and transcription factors in controlling leaf senescence and drought tolerance","volume":"256","author":"Jan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Protoplasma"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18478","article-title":"Nutrient status regulates MED19a phase separation for ORESARA1-dependent senescence","volume":"236","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006342412688","article-title":"Identification of a promoter region responsible for the senescence-specific expression of SAG12","volume":"41","author":"Noh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plant Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pld.2020.10.002","article-title":"AtWRKY75 positively regulates age-triggered leaf senescence through gibberellin pathway","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Divers"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3554","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erab094","article-title":"Potential interaction between autophagy and auxin during maize leaf senescence","volume":"72","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Z., Wang, Y., Huang, R., Zhang, Z., Huang, J., Yu, F., Lin, Y., Guo, Y., Liang, K., and Zhou, Y. (2021). Integration of Transcriptomic And Proteomic Analyses Reveals Several Levels of Metabolic Regulation in The Excess Starch And Early Senescent Leaf Mutant lses1 in Rice. BMC Plant Biol., 22.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-805903\/v1"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12284-021-00478-9","article-title":"OsPG1 encodes a polygalacturonase that determines cell wall architecture and affects resistance to bacterial blight pathogen in rice","volume":"14","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rice"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2023.02.008","article-title":"Repetitive elements in aging and neurodegeneration","volume":"39","author":"Copley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1166386","article-title":"Trifurcate feed-forward regulation of age-dependent cell death involving miR164 in Arabidopsis","volume":"323","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060230","article-title":"Control of jasmonate biosynthesis and senescence by miR319 targets","volume":"6","author":"Schommer","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.03.035","article-title":"DRB4-dependent TAS3 trans-acting siRNAs control leaf morphology through AGO7","volume":"16","author":"Adenot","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03327-2","article-title":"Single-point Mutation of an Histidine-aspartic Domain-containing Gene involving in Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis Leads to White Fine Stripe Leaf in Rice","volume":"7","author":"Ge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2023.03.006","article-title":"A molecular framework underlying low-nitrogen-induced early leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"16","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, S., Sha, Y., Sun, L., and Li, Z. (2023). Abiotic Stress-Induced Leaf Senescence: Regulatory Mechanisms and Application. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241511996"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.165589","article-title":"The GDC1 gene encodes a novel ankyrin domain-containing protein that is essential for grana formation in Arabidopsis","volume":"155","author":"Cui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141701","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Signal Transduction","volume":"55","author":"Apel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"748","article-title":"A rapid CTAB DNA isolation technique useful for RAPD fingerprinting and other PCR applications","volume":"14","author":"Stewart","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biotechniques"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/13\/7082\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:06:36Z","timestamp":1760108796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/13\/7082"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25137082"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25137082","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]}}}