{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:03:03Z","timestamp":1777618983985,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Allergy to fur animals is becoming an increasingly common clinical problem in everyday medical practice. Depending on the route of exposure to the allergen, patients present with many, often non-specific symptoms. The most common illnesses among people with allergies to the above-mentioned allergens are as follows: allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic bronchial asthma, food allergy, allergic contact dermatitis, and sometimes anaphylactic shock. In recent years, there has been a change in the holistic approach to the treatment of allergy patients. The method of treatment should be tailored to a specific patient, taking into account his or her predispositions, economic possibilities, and therapeutic goals. The article describes the main methods of treating allergies, focusing primarily on allergies to fur animals. Allergy treatment always requires great care, and qualification for specific types of therapy should be preceded by a thorough and accurate diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T12:58:42Z","timestamp":1719925122000},"page":"7218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Treatment of Allergies to Fur Animals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5606-0529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Rosada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8328-1386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Bartuzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9145-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Grze\u015bk-Kaczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Rydzy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5957-8382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Ukleja-Soko\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinic of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, 87-100 Toru\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1159\/000353344","article-title":"Patterns of sensitization to inhalant and food allergens-findings from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents","volume":"162","author":"Schmitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Male sex is strongly associated with IgE-sensitization to airborne but not food allergens: Results up to age 24 years from the BAMSE birth cohort","volume":"10","author":"Kull","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02089.x","article-title":"GA2LEN skin test study II: Clinical relevance of inhalant allergen sensitizations in Europe","volume":"64","author":"Burbach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13854","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13854","article-title":"EAACI Molecular Allergology User\u2019s Guide 2.0","volume":"34","author":"Dramburg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"95","article-title":"Alergeny zwierz\u0105t futerkowych. Stan wiedzy na rok 2023\u2013cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 1","volume":"28","author":"Rosada","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alerg. Astma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"105","article-title":"Alergeny zwierz\u0105t futerkowych. Stan wiedzy na rok 2023\u2014Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 2","volume":"28","author":"Rosada","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alerg. Astma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janssen-Weets, B., Kerff, F., Swiontek, K., Kler, S., Czolk, R., Revets, D., Kuehn, A., Bindslev-Jensen, C., Ollert, M., and Hilger, C. (2022). Mammalian derived lipocalin and secretoglobin respiratory allergens strongly bind ligands with potentially immune modulating properties. Front. Allergy, 3.","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2022.958711"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.265","article-title":"Respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function and allergy to fur animals among fur farmers and fur garment workers","volume":"1","author":"Uitti","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand. J. Work Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-002-0346-0","article-title":"Allergy to animal fur and feathers among zoo workers","volume":"75","author":"Krakowiak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.08.026","article-title":"Allergy to furry animals: New insights, diagnostic approaches, and challenges","volume":"135","author":"Konradsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.07.018","article-title":"Nasal inflammatory mediators and specific IgE production after nasal challenge with grass pollen in local allergic rhinitis","volume":"124","author":"Campo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.24292\/01.AP.153200819","article-title":"Lokalny alergiczny nie\u017cyt nosa","volume":"15","author":"Rapiejko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alergoprofil"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21988","article-title":"Positive allergen reaction in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis: A systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Hamizan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.03.004","article-title":"Time for Allergists to Consider the Role of Mouse Allergy in Non-Inner City Children with Asthma","volume":"7","author":"Abrams","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"12","article-title":"Alergia na bia\u0142ko mleka krowiego\u2013postacie kliniczne","volume":"20","author":"Krauze","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alerg. Astma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"5","article-title":"Epidemiologia i naturalny przebieg alergii na bia\u0142ka mleka krowiego","volume":"20","author":"Bartuzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alerg. Astma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pepo.2016.10.002","article-title":"Znaczenie alergii na bia\u0142ka mleka krowiego w kolce niemowl\u0119cej","volume":"92","author":"Krogulska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Pol."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"e2200601","article-title":"Bos d 13, A Novel Heat-Stable Beef Allergen","volume":"12","author":"Klug","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.19153","article-title":"Food Allergy to Sheep\u2019s Milk Proteins with Cow\u2019s Milk Tolerance in an Adult Patient","volume":"36","author":"Cunha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta M\u00e9dica Port."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13232","article-title":"Lysozyme, a new allergen in donkey\u2019s milk","volume":"48","author":"Martini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1159\/000324956","article-title":"An odorant-binding protein as a new allergen from Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus)","volume":"157","author":"Torres","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23382","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.579060","article-title":"Molecular and immunological characterization of the first allergenic lipocalin in hamster: The major allergen from Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus)","volume":"289","author":"Torres","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.5414\/ALX02421E","article-title":"Animal bite anaphylaxis, rarely diagnosed but underappreciated","volume":"7","author":"Stave","year":"2023","journal-title":"Allergol. Select."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13984","article-title":"Mast cell activation tests by flow cytometry: A new diagnostic asset?","volume":"51","author":"Elst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14747","article-title":"Basophil activation test: Mechanisms and considerations for use in clinical trials and clinical practice","volume":"76","author":"Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosada, T., Lis, K., Bartuzi, Z., Grze\u015bk-Kaczy\u0144ska, M., and Ukleja-Soko\u0142owska, N. (2024). Diagnostics of Allergy to Furry Animals-Possibilities in 2024. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113239"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13162","article-title":"Positioning the principles of precision medicine in care pathways for allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis\u2013a EUFOREA-ARIA-EPOS-AIRWAYS ICP statement","volume":"72","author":"Hellings","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s40413-015-0079-7","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy (AIT): A prototype of precision medicine","volume":"8","author":"Canonica","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ. J."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin20.376","article-title":"EUFOREA treatment algorithm for allergic rhinitis","volume":"58","author":"Hellings","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13391","article-title":"Consensus document on dog and cat allergy","volume":"73","author":"Alonso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.14-RAI-0770","article-title":"Japanese guideline for food allergy 2014","volume":"63","author":"Urisu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergol. Int."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2023.100785","article-title":"World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow\u2019s Milk Allergy (DRACMA) Guideline update\u2013VII\u2013Milk elimination and reintroduction in the diagnostic process of cow\u2019s milk allergy","volume":"16","author":"Meyer","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ. J."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"D7182","article-title":"Prevention of food allergy: Shift from elimination to exposure of highly allergenic food","volume":"167","author":"Koffeman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ned. Tijdschr. Voor Geneeskd."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.55730\/1300-0144.5648","article-title":"Nutritional risks in children with food allergy","volume":"53","author":"Parlak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Turk. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.10.064","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy","volume":"125","author":"Frew","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12661","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy for the prevention of allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Kristiansen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00786-1","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy: Past, present and future","volume":"23","author":"Durham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2015.07.010","article-title":"Allergy immunotherapy: The future of allergy treatment","volume":"21","author":"Larsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.04.047","article-title":"International consensus on allergy immunotherapy","volume":"136","author":"Jutel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12807","article-title":"EAACI guidelines on allergen immunotherapy: Prevention of allergy","volume":"28","author":"Halken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2010.04.002","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of second-and third-generation antihistamines in the treatment of acquired cold urticaria: A meta-analysis","volume":"104","author":"Weinstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"(2023, December 16). Available online: https:\/\/www.mp.pl\/podrecznik\/alergologia\/chapter\/B77."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.03.010","article-title":"Precision medicine in patients with allergic diseases: Airway diseases and atopic dermatitis\u2014PRACTALL document of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","volume":"137","author":"Muraro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"1","article-title":"Public health and preventive medicine: Trends and guideposts","volume":"16","author":"Wallace","year":"2008","journal-title":"Public. Health Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Woolf, S.H., Jonas, S., and Kaplan-Liss, E. (2008). Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.5414\/ALX02303E","article-title":"S3 guideline allergy prevention","volume":"6","author":"Kopp","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergol. Sel."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"718","article-title":"Allergy prevention","volume":"8","author":"Kopp","year":"2010","journal-title":"JDDG J. Der Dtsch. Dermatol. Ges."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s40629-014-0022-4","article-title":"S3-Guideline on allergy prevention: 2014 update: Guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) and the German Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (DGKJ)","volume":"23","author":"Bauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergo J. Int."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Bernstein, I.L., Chan-Yeung, M., Malo, J., and Bernstein, D.I. (1999). Animal, insect and shellfish allergy. Asthma in the Workplace, Marcel Dekker. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2001.00899.x","article-title":"Working with male rodents may increase risk for laboratory animal allergy","volume":"56","author":"Karlsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e318247a44a","article-title":"Prevention of laboratory animal allergy in the United States: A national survey","volume":"54","author":"Stave","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqg117","article-title":"Prevention of laboratory animal allergy","volume":"53","author":"Gordon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Occup. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collin, S.M., Granell, R., Westgarth, C., Murray, J., Paul, E.S., Sterne, J.A., and Henderson, A.J. (2015). Associations of pet ownership with wheezing and lung function in childhood: Findings from a UK Birth Cohort. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127756"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12380","article-title":"Pet ownership is associated with increased risk of non-atopic asthma and reduced risk of atopy in childhood: Findings from a UK birth cohort","volume":"45","author":"Collin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hesselmar, B., Hicke-Roberts, A., Lundell, A.C., Adlerberth, I., Rudin, A., Saalman, R., Wennergren, G., and Wold, A.E. (2018). Petkeeping in early life reduces the risk of allergy in a dose-dependent fashion. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208472"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.267","article-title":"Cat and dog ownership during\/after the first year of life and risk for sensitization and reported allergy symptoms at age 13","volume":"7","author":"Malin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immun. Inflamm. Dis."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1334","article-title":"Heredity, pet ownership, and confounding control in a population-based birth cohort","volume":"111","author":"Almqvist","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2010.00882.x","article-title":"Human allergy to environmental pet danders: A public health perspective","volume":"21","author":"Morris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02842-7","article-title":"Early exposure to house-dust mite and cat allergens and development of childhood asthma: A cohort study. Multicentre Allergy Study Group","volume":"356","author":"Lau","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X211013016","article-title":"Human allergy to cats: A review of the impact on cat ownership and relinquishment","volume":"24","author":"Sparkes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X211036793","article-title":"Human allergy to cats: A review for veterinarians on prevalence, causes, symptoms and control","volume":"24","author":"Sparkes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"J\u0119drys-K\u0142ucjasz, U. (2022). Astma w Pytaniach i Odpowiedziach i Poradnik, Help-Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00005111","article-title":"Primary prevention: Exposure reduction, skin exposure and respiratory protection","volume":"21","author":"Heederik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. Rev."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/s40629-021-00180-8","article-title":"Face masks suitable for preventing COVID-19 and pollen allergy. A study in the exposure chamber","volume":"30","author":"Bergmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Allergo J. Int."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2021.103206","article-title":"The effect of face mask usage on the allergic rhinitis symptoms in patients with pollen allergy during the covid-19 pandemic","volume":"43","author":"Mengi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1080\/08927936.2020.1771061","article-title":"The pet-effect in daily life: An experience sampling study on emotional wellbeing in pet owners","volume":"33","author":"Janssens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anthrozo\u00f6s"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/08927936.2015.1075299","article-title":"The emotional lives of companion animals: Attachment and subjective claims by owners of cats and dogs","volume":"29","author":"Martens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anthrozo\u00f6s"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rault, J.L., Waiblinger, S., Boivin, X., and Hemsworth, P. (2020). The power of a positive human\u2013animal relationship for animal welfare. Front. Vet. Sci., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.590867"},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"40","article-title":"Stress and allergy","volume":"19","author":"Montoro","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000210381","article-title":"Intralymphatic injections as a new administration route for allergen-specific immunotherapy","volume":"150","author":"Johansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.21948","article-title":"New routes for allergen immunotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Johansen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Human. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"108","article-title":"Sied\u00e4tyshoito: K\u00e4yp\u00e4 hoito-suosituksen p\u00e4ivitystiivistelm\u00e4","volume":"128","author":"Valovirta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Duodecim"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1409315","article-title":"Immunotherapy for pet allergies","volume":"14","author":"Virtanen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Human. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.291","article-title":"Allergen-specific immunotherapy for patients with atopic dermatitis sensitized to animal dander","volume":"8","author":"Chu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immun. Inflamm. Dis."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.02.026","article-title":"Intralymphatic immunotherapy for cat allergy induces tolerance after only 3 injections","volume":"129","author":"Senti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2015.12.006","article-title":"Dog allergen immunotherapy: Past, present, and future","volume":"116","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_77","unstructured":"(2024, February 02). Available online: https:\/\/www.eurannallergyimm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/letter-editorbrcat-specific-immunotherapy-impact-quality-life-5365allasp1.pdf."},{"key":"ref_78","unstructured":"(2024, February 02). Available online: https:\/\/rejestry.ezdrowie.gov.pl\/api\/rpl\/medicinal-products\/public-pl-report\/get-xlsx."},{"key":"ref_79","unstructured":"Kruszewski, J. (2003). Standardy w alergologii. Przewodnik Lekarza\/Guide for GPs, Termedia sp. z o.o."},{"key":"ref_80","unstructured":"(2024, February 02). Available online: https:\/\/hub.eaaci.org\/resources\/guidelines\/."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lieberman, P., and Anderson, J.A. (2007). Allergic Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment, Springer Science & Business Media.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-382-0"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frew, A.J., and Kay, A.B. (2008). Principles and practice of diagnosis and treatment of allergic disease. Allergy Allerg. Dis., 1321\u20131334.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444300918.ch63"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.110832","article-title":"Pharmacology of antihistamines","volume":"58","author":"Church","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680009300903","article-title":"Anticholinergic side-effects of drugs in elderly people","volume":"93","author":"Mintzer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Med."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra033121","article-title":"Advances in H1-antihistamines","volume":"351","author":"Simons","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2016.10.012","article-title":"Use of anti-allergic drugs in children","volume":"45","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"91","article-title":"Updosing of Nonsedating Antihistamines in Recalcitrant Chronic Urticaria","volume":"30","author":"Gautam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urticaria"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12948-015-0008-x","article-title":"Bilastine: New insight into antihistamine treatment","volume":"13","author":"Ridolo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Mol. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2018.013","article-title":"Antihistamines and allergy","volume":"41","author":"Randall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust. Prescr."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13786","article-title":"Management of ocular allergy","volume":"74","author":"Leonardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2010.08.010","article-title":"The efficacy of intranasal antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis","volume":"106","author":"Kaliner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.5414\/ALX02454E","article-title":"Hypoallergenic animals: A promise of hope for allergic patients?","volume":"8","author":"Hilger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Allergol. Sel."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.01.050","article-title":"Immunization of cats to induce neutralizing antibodies against Fel d 1, the major feline allergen in human subjects","volume":"144","author":"Thoms","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202011-4107OC","article-title":"Passive prophylactic administration with a single dose of Anti\u2013Fel d 1 monoclonal antibodies REGN1908\u20131909 in cat allergen\u2013induced allergic rhinitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"204","author":"Shamji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_95","first-page":"324","article-title":"Fel d1 blocking antibodies against the major cat allergen Fel d1","volume":"Volume 74","author":"Satyaraj","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14013","article-title":"Keep the cat, change the care pathway: A transformational approach to managing Fel d 1, the major cat allergen","volume":"74","author":"Satyaraj","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_97","unstructured":"(2024, February 02). Available online: https:\/\/www.purina.com\/pro-plan\/cats\/liveclear-cat-allergen-reducings-food."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/13\/7218\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:08:02Z","timestamp":1760108882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/13\/7218"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25137218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25137218","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]}}}