{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:32:04Z","timestamp":1787502724933,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Pistoia e Pescia","award":["11\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Globalization and climate change are both contributing to an increase in the number of potentially invasive algae in coastal areas. In terms of biodiversity and financial losses, the invasiveness of algae has become a significant issue in Orbetello Lagoon. Indeed, studies from the Tuscany Regional Agency for Environmental Protection show that the reduction in dissolved oxygen caused by algal diffusion is detrimental to fisheries and biodiversity. Considering that wakame and numerous other potentially invasive seaweeds are consumed as food in Asia, we assess the nutritional and nutraceutical qualities of two potentially invasive seaweeds: Valonia aegagrophila and Chaetomorpha linum. We found that both algae are a valuable source of proteins and essential amino acids. Even if the fat content accounts for less than 2% of the dried weight, its quality is high, due to the presence of unsaturated fatty acids. Both algae are rich in antioxidants pigments and polyphenols, which can be exploited as nutraceuticals. Most importantly, human gastrointestinal digestion increased the quantity of polyphenols and originated secondary metabolites with ACE inhibitory activity. Taken together, our data strongly promote the use of Valonia aegagrophila and Chaetomorpha linum as functional foods, with possible application in the treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25147588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T08:47:41Z","timestamp":1720774061000},"page":"7588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Infesting Seaweeds as a Novel Functional Food: Analysis of Nutrients, Antioxidants and ACE Inhibitory Effects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6395-9348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalaura","family":"Brai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjeza","family":"Hasanaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4208-7760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Vagaggini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8225-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Poggialini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8987-940X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Dreassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, May 22). European Commission EUR-Lex\u201452022DC0592\u2014Towards a Strong and Sustainable EU Algae Sector. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=COM:2022:592:FIN."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Alexandratos, N., and Bruinsma, J. (2024, May 22). World Agriculture: Towards 2030\/2050\u2014The 2012 Revision|Global Perspectives Studies|Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available online: https:\/\/www.fao.org\/global-perspectives-studies\/resources\/detail\/en\/c\/411108\/."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Gurr\u00eda Albusac, P., Gonz\u00e1lez Hermoso, H., Cazzaniga, N., Jasinevi\u010dius, G., Mubareka, S., De Laurentiis, V., Patinha Caldeira, C., Sala, S., Ronchetti, G., and Guill\u00e9n Garcia, J. (2017). EU Biomass Flows, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"(2024, May 28). EU Commission Key Steps to Manage Climate Risks to Protect People and Prosperity\u2014European Commission. Available online: https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/news\/key-steps-manage-climate-risks-protect-people-and-prosperity-2024-03-12_en?prefLang=it."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2024, May 28). EU Commission Blue Bioeconomy\u2014Towards a Strong and Sustainable EU Algae Sector. Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/law\/better-regulation\/have-your-say\/initiatives\/12780-Blue-bioeconomy-towards-a-strong-and-sustainable-EU-algae-sector_en."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendes, M.C., Navalho, S., Ferreira, A., Paulino, C., Figueiredo, D., Silva, D., Gao, F., Gama, F., Bombo, G., and Jacinto, R. (2022). Algae as Food in Europe: An Overview of Species Diversity and Their Application\u2020. Foods, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11131871"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.10.013","article-title":"Chemical Elements in Mediterranean Macroalgae. A Review","volume":"148","author":"Bonanno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2007.07.012","article-title":"In the Search of New Functional Food Ingredients from Algae","volume":"19","author":"Plaza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"(2024, May 22). CBI The European Market Potential for Seaweed or Marine Algae. Available online: https:\/\/www.cbi.eu\/market-information\/natural-ingredients-health-products\/seaweed\/market-potential."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Klevn\u00e4s, P., Enkvist, P.-A., and Murray, K. (2024, May 22). EU Biomass Use in a Net-Zero Economy\u2014A Course Correction for EU Biomass. Available online: https:\/\/www.climate-kic.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/MATERIAL-ECONOMICS-EU-BIOMASS-USE-IN-A-NET-ZERO-ECONOMY-ONLINE-VERSION.pdf."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"(2024, May 22). European Commission More Than 20 Algae Species Can Now Be Sold as Food or Food Supplements in the EU. Available online: https:\/\/oceans-and-fisheries.ec.europa.eu\/news\/more-20-algae-species-can-now-be-sold-food-or-food-supplements-eu-2024-02-26_en."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andreakis, N., and Schaffelke, B. (2012). Invasive Marine Seaweeds: Pest or Prize?, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-28451-9_12"},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2024, May 22). GISD Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). Available online: https:\/\/giasip.gbif.org\/resource?r=gisd."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"(2024, May 22). ARPAT Archivio Bollettini Laguna Di Orbetello (GR)\u2014ARPAT\u2014Agenzia Regionale per La Protezione Ambientale Della Toscana. Available online: https:\/\/www.arpat.toscana.it\/datiemappe\/bollettini\/bollettino-mensile-sulla-laguna-di-orbetello-gr\/archivio-bollettini-laguna-di-orbetello-gr\/archivio-bollettini-laguna-di-orbetello."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-326X(03)00315-1","article-title":"Restoration of the Eutrophic Orbetello Lagoon (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): Water Quality Management","volume":"46","author":"Lenzi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frusciante, L., Geminiani, M., Trezza, A., Olmastroni, T., Mastroeni, P., Salvini, L., Lamponi, S., Bernini, A., Grasso, D., and Dreassi, E. (2024). Phytochemical Composition, Anti-Inflammatory Property, and Anti-Atopic Effect of Chaetomorpha Linum Extract. Mar. Drugs, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/md22050226"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2012.03.030","article-title":"Anaerobic Digestion of Macroalgal Biomass and Sediments Sourced from the Orbetello Lagoon, Italy","volume":"42","author":"Migliore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1080\/14786451.2013.777336","article-title":"Production of Bio-Diesel from Macro-Algae of the Orbetello Lagoon by Various Extraction Methods","volume":"33","author":"Borghini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Sustain. Energy"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"297","article-title":"Ethnobotany Study of Seaweed Diversity and Its Utilization in Warambadi, Panguhalodo Areas of East Sumba District","volume":"10","author":"Tjahjana","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Teknol. Lingkung."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s43450-021-00153-6","article-title":"Fatty Acid Composition of Macroalgae from Nao Zhou Island","volume":"31","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacogn."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stabili, L., Acquaviva, M.I., Angil\u00e9, F., Cavallo, R.A., Cecere, E., Del Coco, L., Fanizzi, F.P., Gerardi, C., Narracci, M., and Petrocelli, A. (2019). Screening of Chaetomorpha Linum Lipidic Extract as a New Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds. Mar. Drugs, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/md17060313"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3746\/jkfn.2006.35.3.307","article-title":"Screening of Extracts from Marine Green and Brown Algae in Jeju for Potential Marine Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activity","volume":"35","author":"Cha","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"1000286","article-title":"Variation in the Chemical Composition of Saccharina Japonica with Harvest Area and Culture Period","volume":"5","author":"Hwang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Aquac. Res. Dev."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2013.09.019","article-title":"Chemical and Nutritional Characteristics of Brown Seaweed Lipids: A Review","volume":"5","author":"Miyashita","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"211","article-title":"Growth and Nutrients Analysis in Marine Macroalgae","volume":"49","author":"Setthamongkol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Agric. Nat. Resour."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gentscheva, G., Milkova-Tomova, I., Pehlivanov, I., Gugleva, V., Nikolova, K., Petkova, N., Andonova, V., Buhalova, D., and Pisanova, E. (2022). Chemical Characterization of Selected Algae and Cyanobacteria from Bulgaria as Sources of Compounds with Antioxidant Activity. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12199935"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/01140671003619290","article-title":"Nutrient and Heavy Metal Content of Edible Seaweeds in New Zealand","volume":"38","author":"Smitha","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Z. J. Crop Hortic. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, L.W., Chen, J.-H., Fadda, C., Del Caro, A., Lu, L.W., and Chen, J.-H. (2022). Seaweeds as Ingredients to Lower Glycemic Potency of Cereal Foods Synergistically\u2014A Perspective. Foods, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11050714"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammed, H.O., O\u2019grady, M.N., O\u2019sullivan, M.G., Hamill, R.M., Kilcawley, K.N., and Kerry, J.P. (2021). An Assessment of Selected Nutritional, Bioactive, Thermal and Technological Properties of Brown and Red Irish Seaweed Species. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10112784"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"57","article-title":"Evaluation of Marine Algae Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) and Kombu (Laminaria digitata japonica) as Food Supplements","volume":"42","author":"Kolb","year":"2004","journal-title":"Food Technol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.10.078","article-title":"Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Selected Species of Seaweeds from Danish Coast","volume":"138","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(02)00388-3","article-title":"Effects of Short-Term Irradiation on Photoinhibition and Accumulation of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids in Sun and Shade Species of the Red algal Genus Porphyra","volume":"69","author":"Figueroa","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. B"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)40190-7","article-title":"Preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters and Dimethylacetals from Lipids with Boron Fluoride\u2013Methanol","volume":"5","author":"Morrison","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.09.018","article-title":"Separation, Identification and Quantification of Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Dietary Supplements Containing Chlorella Vulgaris and Spirulina Platensis Using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography","volume":"148","author":"Hynstova","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Os\u00f3rio, C., Machado, S., Peixoto, J., Bessada, S., Pimentel, F.B., Alves, R.C., and Oliveira, M.B.P.P. (2020). Pigments Content (Chlorophylls, Fucoxanthin and Phycobiliproteins) of Different Commercial Dried Algae. Separations, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/separations7020033"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"37","article-title":"An Exposition on Potential Seaweed Resources for Exploitation, Culture and Utilization in West Africa: A Case Study of Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Fakoya","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.09.041","article-title":"Amino Acids, Fatty Acids, and Dietary Fibre in Edible Seaweed Products","volume":"103","author":"Dawczynski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.68.475","article-title":"Taste Characteristics of Various Amino Acid Derivatives","volume":"68","author":"Tanase","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2018.07.031","article-title":"Variations in Polyphenol and Heavy Metal Contents of Wild-Harvested and Cultivated Seaweed Bulk Biomass: Health Risk Assessment and Implication for Food Applications","volume":"95","author":"Roleda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"e07798","article-title":"Dietary Exposure to Heavy Metals and Iodine Intake via Consumption of Seaweeds and Halophytes in the European Population","volume":"21","author":"Dujardin","year":"2023","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"e170915","article-title":"Analysis and Risk Assessment of Seaweed","volume":"17","author":"Sloth","year":"2019","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2005.02.012","article-title":"Antioxidant Activity of Chlorophylls and Their Derivatives","volume":"38","author":"Barros","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.3400","article-title":"Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Methanolic Extract of Green Seaweed Chaetomorpha Linum From Gulf of Mannar: Southeast Coast of India","volume":"5","author":"Senthilkumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Jundishapur J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.02.041","article-title":"Total Phenolic Compounds, Radical Scavenging and Metal Chelation of Extracts from Icelandic Seaweeds","volume":"116","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.12944\/CRNFSJ.6.3.04","article-title":"Stability of Chlorophyll as Natural Colorant: A Review for Suji (Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.) Roxb.) Leaves\u2019 Case","volume":"6","author":"Indrasti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"(2024, May 23). Markets and Markets the Organic Pigments Market, Industry Size Growth Forecast Trends Report, [Latest]. Available online: https:\/\/www.marketsandmarkets.com\/Market-Reports\/organic-pigments-market-1076.html."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-011-0310-7","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Functional Properties and Processing of Carrot\u2014A Review","volume":"49","author":"Sharma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.51745\/najfnr.3.6.186-194","article-title":"Effect of Traditional Sun-Drying and Oven-Drying on Carotenoids and Phenolic Compounds of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)","volume":"3","author":"Laboratoire","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Afr. J. Food Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"(2024, June 07). EU Food and Feed Information Portal Database | FIP. Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/food\/food-feed-portal\/screen\/novel-food-catalogue\/search."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.112920","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Digestion Assays for Evaluating the Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds in Fruits and Their Derivates: An Overview","volume":"170","author":"Dantas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2000.tb16049.x","article-title":"Classification and Antihypertensive Activity of Angiostensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Food Proteins","volume":"65","author":"Fujita","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00e1nhegyi, V., Enyedi, A., F\u00fcl\u00f6p, G.\u00c1., Ol\u00e1h, A., Siket, I.M., V\u00e1radi, C., Botty\u00e1n, K., L\u00f3di, M., Csongr\u00e1di, A., and Umar, A.J. (2021). Human Tissue Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Activity Is Regulated by Genetic Polymorphisms, Posttranslational Modifications, Endogenous Inhibitors and Secretion in the Serum, Lungs and Heart. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071708"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.14.1411","article-title":"Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors","volume":"97","author":"Brown","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3622","DOI":"10.2174\/138161209789271834","article-title":"Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Peptides: Production and Implementation of Functional Food","volume":"15","author":"Panarese","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.133409","article-title":"Proteins from Tenebrio Molitor: An Interesting Functional Ingredient and a Source of ACE Inhibitory Peptides","volume":"393","author":"Brai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6245","DOI":"10.1021\/jf020482t","article-title":"Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) and Their Antihypertensive Effect in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats","volume":"50","author":"Sato","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2010.03.091","article-title":"Preparation and Antihypertensive Activity of Peptides from Porphyra Yezoensis","volume":"123","author":"Qu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3746\/jfn.2005.10.2.134","article-title":"Screening for Angiotensin 1-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Ecklonia Cava","volume":"10","author":"Athukorala","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prev. Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-2906.2006.01288.x","article-title":"Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme I Inhibitory Activity of Phlorotannins from Ecklonia Stolonifera","volume":"72","author":"Jung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fish. Sci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.133453","article-title":"Red and Brown Seaweeds Extracts: A Source of Biologically Active Compounds","volume":"393","author":"Sapatinha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.4490\/ALGAE.2006.21.3.343","article-title":"Screening of Extracts from Red Algae in Jeju for Potentials MarineAngiotensin\u2014I Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activity","volume":"21","author":"Cha","year":"2006","journal-title":"ALGAE"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1080\/10498850.2020.1868642","article-title":"Functional Properties of Nori Seaweed (Pyropia Yezoensis) with Different Quality and Ulva Sp.","volume":"30","author":"Kurakake","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5","article-title":"A Simple Method for the Isolation and Purification of Total Lipides from Animal Tissues","volume":"226","author":"Folch","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploiting Fall Foliage By-Products to Optimize Tenebrio Molitor Nutraceutical Value","volume":"93","author":"Brai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Insects Food Feed."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/40.1.14","article-title":"High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Free Amino Acids in Fruit Juices Using Derivatization with 9-Fluorenylmethyl-Chloroformate","volume":"40","author":"Fabiani","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3920\/JIFF2022.0090","article-title":"Efficient Use of Agricultural Waste to Naturally Fortify Tenebrio molitor Mealworms and Evaluation of Their Nutraceutical Properties","volume":"9","author":"Brai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Insects Food Feed."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.3920\/JIFF2022.0094","article-title":"Use of Distillery By-Products as Tenebrio Molitor Mealworm Feed Supplement","volume":"9","author":"Brai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Insects Food Feed."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.19263\/REDIA-106.23.16","article-title":"The Replacement of Flour-Based Feed with Pellets Reduces Dustiness and Improves Tenebrio Molitor Breeders\u2019 Safety","volume":"106","author":"Brai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Redia"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gager, L., Connan, S., C\u00e9rantola, S., Petek, S., Couteau, C., Coiffard, L., and Stiger-Pouvreau, V. (2024). An Eco-Friendly Extraction and Purification Approach for Obtaining Active Ingredients for Cosmetics from Two Marine Brown Seaweeds. Mar. Drugs, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/md22030112"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/14\/7588\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:13:02Z","timestamp":1760109182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/14\/7588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms25147588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25147588","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]}}}