{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:18:35Z","timestamp":1760145515944,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GO 371\/18-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GO 371\/18-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry for Science, Research and the Arts of Baden-Wuerttemberg (MWK)","award":["GO 371\/18-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GO 371\/18-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) comprise a large group of compounds of mostly plant origin. The best-known compound is hyperforin from St. John\u2019s wort with its antidepressant, antitumor and antimicrobial properties. The chemical synthesis of PPAP variants allows the generation of compounds with improved activity and compatibility. Here, we studied the antimicrobial activity of two synthetic PPAP-derivatives, the water-insoluble PPAP23 and the water-soluble sodium salt PPAP53. In vitro, both compounds exhibited good activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Both compounds had no adverse effects on Galleria mellonella wax moth larvae. However, they were unable to protect the larvae from infection with S. aureus because components of the larval coelom neutralized the antimicrobial activity; a similar effect was also seen with serum albumin. In silico docking studies with PPAP53 revealed that it binds to the F1 pocket of human serum albumin with a binding energy of \u22127.5 kcal\/mol. In an infection model of septic arthritis, PPAP23 decreased the formation of abscesses and S. aureus load in kidneys; in a mouse skin abscess model, topical treatment with PPAP53 reduced S. aureus counts. Both PPAPs were active against anaerobic Gram-positive gut bacteria such as neurotransmitter-producing Clostridium, Enterococcus or Ruminococcus species. Based on these results, we foresee possible applications in the decolonization of pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T14:26:50Z","timestamp":1721744810000},"page":"8023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antimicrobial Evaluation of Two Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Compounds: PPAP23 and PPAP53"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Aparna Viswanathan","family":"Ammanath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine T\u00fcbingen (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine T\u00fcbingen (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine T\u00fcbingen (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Bleisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7427-5352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Peslalz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Majd","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0165-0278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghshree","family":"Deshmukh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Grie\u00dfhammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakult\u00e4res Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Excellence Cluster 2124 \u2018Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections\u2019 (CMFI), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moushumi","family":"Purkayastha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine T\u00fcbingen (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2994-6555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Vorbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine T\u00fcbingen (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Macek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Excellence Cluster 2124 \u2018Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections\u2019 (CMFI), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Quantitative Proteomics, Proteome Center T\u00fcbingen, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Br\u00f6tz-Oesterhelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Excellence Cluster 2124 \u2018Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections\u2019 (CMFI), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine T\u00fcbingen (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6473-4762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakult\u00e4res Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Excellence Cluster 2124 \u2018Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections\u2019 (CMFI), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorothee","family":"Kretschmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakult\u00e4res Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Excellence Cluster 2124 \u2018Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections\u2019 (CMFI), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Peschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfakult\u00e4res Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Excellence Cluster 2124 \u2018Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections\u2019 (CMFI), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9039-0628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8423-6173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernd","family":"Plietker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"G\u00f6tz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine T\u00fcbingen (IMIT), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Excellence Cluster 2124 \u2018Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections\u2019 (CMFI), University of T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357011775910","article-title":"St John\u2019s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.): A Review of Its Chemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical Properties","volume":"53","author":"Barnes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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