{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:11:32Z","timestamp":1787170292584,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Lodz","award":["503\/3-066-02\/503-31-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/3-066-02\/503-31-001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Colostrum is gaining popularity in cosmetic products. The present study compared the composition and selected biological properties of colostrum from Polish sheep (colostrum 1) and Swiss sheep (colostrum 2), particularly those that can affect healthy or diseased skin. The antioxidant activity of the colostrums was measured using ABTS and DPPH assays. The effect on the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts, neonatal epidermal keratinocytes, and human diabetic fibroblast (dHF) cells isolated from diabetic foot ulcers was also assayed in vitro by MTT and Presto Blue tests, respectively. The colostrum simulated dHF cell proliferation by up to 115.4%. The highest used concentration of colostrum 1 stimulated normal fibroblast proliferation by 191.2% (24 h) and 222.2% (48 h). Both colostrums inhibited epidermal keratinocyte viability. The influence of the colostrums on the expression of genes related to proliferation (Ki67) and immune response (IL-6, PTGS-2, TSG-6) in dHF cells were compared. Colostrum 1 increased the rate of wound closure (scar test). Analysis of total fat, protein and fatty acid content found the Polish colostrum to be a richer source of fat than the Swiss colostrum, which contained a larger amount of protein. Both colostrums exhibit properties that suggest they could be effective components in cosmetic or medicinal formulations for skin care, especially supporting its regeneration, rejuvenation, and wound healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T06:11:36Z","timestamp":1721887896000},"page":"8091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biologically Active Sheep Colostrum for Topical Treatment and Skin Care"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3461-9113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinga","family":"Kazimierska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cosmetic Raw Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8649-1503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Szab\u0142owska-Gadomska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Cell Research and Application, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1122-5796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Rudzi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Cell Research and Application, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3603-0063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Ko\u015bla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6682-0402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"P\u0142uciennik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4332-7252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Bobak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-640 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4781-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Zambrowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-640 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3023-6105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urszula","family":"Kalinowska-Lis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cosmetic Raw Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2011.09.033","article-title":"Goat and Sheep Milk Products in the United States (USA)","volume":"101","author":"Milani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Small Rumin. 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