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EBV\u2019s life cycle includes primary infection, latency, and lytic reactivation, with the virus primarily infecting B cells and epithelial cells. This virus has evolved sophisticated strategies to evade both innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby maintaining a lifelong presence within the host. This persistence is facilitated by the expression of latent genes such as EBV nuclear antigens (EBNAs) and latent membrane proteins (LMPs), which play crucial roles in viral latency and oncogenesis. In addition to their well-known roles in several types of cancer, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma and B-cell lymphomas, recent studies have identified the pathogenic roles of EBV in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. This review highlights the intricate interactions between EBV and the host immune system, underscoring the need for further research to develop effective therapeutic and preventive strategies against EBV-associated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T14:39:08Z","timestamp":1722004748000},"page":"8160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Epstein\u2013Barr Viruses: Their Immune Evasion Strategies and Implications for Autoimmune Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yuehong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Botian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihao","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0486-4530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenzhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conglei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, H., and Robertson, E.S. 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