{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:11:21Z","timestamp":1790838681255,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>IgE-mediated wheat allergy can take on various forms, including childhood food allergy to wheat, wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis in young adults, baker\u2019s respiratory allergy\/asthma in workers exposed to wheat flour inhalation, and contact urticaria that is caused by hydrolyzed wheat proteins in some cosmetics, and that is sometimes associated with a food allergy. Singleplex and multiplex immunoassays detect specific IgE antibodies to wheat allergenic molecular biomarkers such as omega-5 gliadin Tri a 19, lipid transfer protein Tri a 14, and alpha-amylase inhibitors. The fluorescence enzyme immunoassay with capsulated cellulose polymer solid-phase coupled allergens is a commonly used singleplex assay. Multiplex methods include the ELISA-based macroarray immunoassay using nano-bead technology and a microarray immunoassay on polymer-coated slides. Another promising diagnostic tool is the basophil activation test performed with omega-5 gliadin and other wheat protein types. Detailed comprehension of the structural and immunological features of the numerous wheat allergens significant in clinical settings is imperative for advancing diagnostic biomarkers for IgE-mediated wheat allergies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T09:37:25Z","timestamp":1722332245000},"page":"8210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Allergenic Biomarkers in the Molecular Diagnosis of IgE-Mediated Wheat Allergy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mariana","family":"Preda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergology \u201cNicolae Malaxa\u201d Clinical Hospital, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022441 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florin-Dan","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergology \u201cNicolae Malaxa\u201d Clinical Hospital, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022441 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2665-5908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia","family":"Vassilopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Science, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6736-2696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Smolinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12493","article-title":"Wheat Seed Proteins: Factors Influencing Their Content, Composition, and Technological Properties, and Strategies to Reduce Adverse Reactions","volume":"18","author":"Rustgi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compr. 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