{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T22:27:31Z","timestamp":1770330451637,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Worldwide, the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rising, accounting for approximately 2% of all cancer diagnoses and deaths. The etiology of RCC is still obscure. Here, we assessed the presence of HPyVs in paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) resected tissue from patients with RCC by using different molecular techniques. Fifty-five FFPE tissues from 11 RCC patients were included in this study. Consensus and HPyV-specific primers were used to screen for HPyVs. Both PCR approaches revealed that HPyV is frequently detected in the tissues of RCC kidney resections. A total of 78% (43\/55) of the tissues tested were positive for at least one HPyV (i.e., MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, BKPyV, JCPyV, or WUyV). Additionally, 25 tissues (45%) were positive for only one HPyV, 14 (25%) for two HPyVs, 3 (5%) for three HPyVs, and 1 one (1%) tissue specimen was positive for four HPyVs. Eleven (20%) RCC specimens were completely devoid of HPyV sequences. MCPyV was found in 24\/55 RCC tissues, HPyV7 in 19, and HPyV6 in 8. The presence of MCPyV and HPyV6 was confirmed by specific FISH or RNA-ISH. In addition, we aimed to confirm HPyV gene expression by IHC. Our results strongly indicate that these HPyVs infect RCC and nontumor tissues, possibly indicating that kidney tissues serve as a reservoir for HPyV latency. Whether HPyVs possibly contribute to the etiopathogenesis of RCC remains to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T09:37:25Z","timestamp":1722332245000},"page":"8213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Mapping of Human Polyomavirus in Renal Cell Carcinoma Tissues"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ghalib","family":"Mobaraki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim M.","family":"Smits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Severens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1118-6379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim","family":"Lommen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorit","family":"Rennspiess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3016-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernst-Jan M.","family":"Speel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Winnepenninckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5338-6021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faisal","family":"Klufah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Albaha 65525, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4092-0672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iryna","family":"Samarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel zur","family":"Hausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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