{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:07:21Z","timestamp":1790233641004,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Pecs Medical School Research Grant","award":["KA-2024-09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KA-2024-09"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the numerous studies on the clinical aspects of early-onset preeclampsia, our understanding of the immunological consequences of inadequate placenta development remains incomplete. The Th1-predominance characteristic of early-onset preeclampsia significantly impacts maternal immunotolerance, and the role of immune checkpoint molecules in these mechanisms is yet to be fully elucidated. Our study aims to fill these crucial knowledge gaps. A total of 34 pregnant women diagnosed with early-onset preeclampsia and 34 healthy pregnant women were enrolled in this study. A mononuclear cell fragment from the venous blood was separated and frozen. The CD8+ and CD8\u2212 NK cell subpopulations were identified and compared to their immune checkpoint molecule expressions using multicolor flow cytometry. The serum CD226 levels were measured by ELISA. Based on our measures, the frequency of the CD8\u2212 subpopulation was significantly higher than that of the CD8+ counterpart in both the NKdim and NKbright subsets. Significantly lower CD226 surface expressions were detected in the preeclamptic group compared to healthy women in all the investigated subpopulations. However, while no difference was observed in the level of the soluble CD226 molecule between the two groups, the CD112 and CD155 surface expressions were significantly different. Our study\u2019s findings underscore the significant role of the CD8+ and CD8\u2212 NK subpopulations in the Th1-dominated immune environment. This deepens our understanding of early-onset preeclampsia and suggests that each subpopulation could contribute to the compensation mechanisms and the restoration of the immunological balance in this condition, a crucial step toward developing effective interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T12:38:20Z","timestamp":1722515900000},"page":"8378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Immunological Profiling of CD8+ and CD8\u2212 NK Cell Subpopulations and Immune Checkpoint Alterations in Early-Onset Preeclampsia and Healthy Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1208-2969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laszlo","family":"Szereday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 12 Szigeti Street, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Janos Szentagothai Research Centre, 20 Ifjusag Street, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7742-4459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David U.","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geobotany\/Plant Ecology, Martin-Luther-University, Gro\u00dfe Steinstra\u00dfe 79\/80, D-06108 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanni","family":"Vastag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livia","family":"Mezosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 12 Szigeti Street, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9913-2024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matyas","family":"Meggyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 12 Szigeti Street, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Janos Szentagothai Research Centre, 20 Ifjusag Street, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10803","article-title":"Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: ISSHP Classification, Diagnosis, and Management Recommendations for International Practice","volume":"72","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12802","article-title":"The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention","volume":"145","author":"Poon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. 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