{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:20:26Z","timestamp":1760145626313,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Melanin is a crucial pigment in melanomagenesis. Its fluorescence in human tissue is exceedingly weak but can be detected through advanced laser spectroscopy techniques. The spectral profile of melanin fluorescence distinctively varies among melanocytes, nevomelanocytes, and melanoma cells, with melanoma cells exhibiting a notably \u201cred\u201d fluorescence spectrum. This characteristic enables the diagnosis of melanoma both in vivo and in histological samples. Neuromelanin, a brain pigment akin to melanin, shares similar fluorescence properties. Its fluorescence can also be quantified with high spectral resolution using the same laser spectroscopic methods. Documented fluorescence spectra of neuromelanin in histological samples from the substantia nigra substantiate these findings. Our research reveals that the spectral behavior of neuromelanin fluorescence mirrors that of melanin in melanomas. This indicates that the typical red fluorescence is likely influenced by the microenvironment around (neuro)melanin, rather than by direct pigment interactions. Our ongoing studies aim to further explore this distinctive \u201cred\u201d fluorescence. We have observed this red fluorescence spectrum in post-mortem measurements of melanin in benign nevus. The characteristic red spectrum is also evident here (unlike the benign nevus in vivo), suggesting that hypoxia may contribute to this phenomenon. Given the central role of hypoxia in both melanoma development and treatment, as well as in fundamental Parkinson\u2019s disease mechanisms, this study discusses strategies aimed at reinforcing the hypothesis that red fluorescence from (neuro)melanin serves as an indicator of hypoxia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T13:14:42Z","timestamp":1722604482000},"page":"8457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["New Aspects Regarding the Fluorescence Spectra of Melanin and Neuromelanin in Pigmented Human Tissue Concerning Hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Dieter","family":"Leupold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LTB Lasertechnik Berlin GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Buder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Vivantes Klinikum Neuk\u00f6lln, 12351 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3646-7115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lutz","family":"Pfeifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LTB Lasertechnik Berlin GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5102-7383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukasz","family":"Szyc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magnosco GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Riederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Research Unit of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Strobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camelia-Maria","family":"Monoranu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009453228102","article-title":"Fluorescence studies of melanin by stepwise two-photon femtosecond laser excitation","volume":"10","author":"Teuchner","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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