{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:46:49Z","timestamp":1792788409027,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,4]],"date-time":"2024-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute hyperglycemia is a transient increase in plasma glucose level (PGL) frequently observed in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of this review is to clarify the molecular mechanisms whereby acute hyperglycemia impacts coronary flow and myocardial perfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to discuss the consequent clinical and prognostic implications. We conducted a comprehensive literature review on the molecular causes of myocardial damage driven by acute hyperglycemia in the context of AMI. The negative impact of high PGL on admission recognizes a multifactorial etiology involving endothelial function, oxidative stress, production of leukocyte adhesion molecules, platelet aggregation, and activation of the coagulation cascade. The current evidence suggests that all these pathophysiological mechanisms compromise myocardial perfusion as a whole and not only in the culprit coronary artery. Acute hyperglycemia on admission, regardless of whether or not in the context of a diabetes mellitus history, could be, thus, identified as a predictor of worse myocardial reperfusion and poorer prognosis in patients with AMI. In order to reduce hyperglycemia-related complications, it seems rational to pursue in these patients an adequate and quick control of PGL, despite the best pharmacological treatment for acute hyperglycemia still remaining a matter of debate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T18:21:40Z","timestamp":1722882100000},"page":"8504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Acute Hyperglycemia-Induced Injury in Myocardial Infarction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9235-1419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martino","family":"Pepe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (D.I.M.), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70100 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Addabbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASL Taranto, Local Health Authority of Taranto, Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, 74100 Taranto, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5587-1215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annagrazia","family":"Cecere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0283-2121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rocco","family":"Tritto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (D.I.M.), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70100 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2512-4232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Napoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Villa Verde Clinic, 74121 Taranto, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Palma Luisa","family":"Nestola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Mater Dei Hospital, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7818-4952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Plinio","family":"Cirillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6103-8510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Biondi-Zoccai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy"},{"name":"Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48032 Cotignola, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Matteo","family":"Ciccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (D.I.M.), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70100 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.188629","article-title":"Hyperglycemia and acute coronary syndrome: A scientific statement from the american heart association diabetes committee of the council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism","volume":"117","author":"Deedwania","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680900300614","article-title":"An overview of glycemic control in the coronary care unit with recommendations for clinical management","volume":"3","author":"Kosiborod","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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