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To investigate the association between an imbalance of bacteria and prostate carcinoma, the microbiome and gene functionality from tissues of patients with high-grade prostate tumor (HGT) and low-grade prostate tumor (LGT) were compared utilizing next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The results showed abnormalities in the bacterial profiles between the HGT and LGT specimens, indicating alterations in the make-up of bacterial populations and gene functionalities. The HGT specimens showed higher frequencies of Cutibacterium, Pelomonas, and Corynebacterium genera than the LGT specimens. Cell proliferation and cytokine assays also showed a significant proliferation of prostate cancer cells and elevated cytokine levels in the cells treated with Cutibacterium, respectively, supporting earlier findings. In summary, the HGT and LGT specimens showed differences in bacterial populations, suggesting that different bacterial populations might characterize high-grade and low-grade prostate malignancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T12:40:07Z","timestamp":1723812007000},"page":"8943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Different Prostatic Tissue Microbiomes between High- and Low-Grade Prostate Cancer Pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4490-3610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Heon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31151, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoonhee","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Abdur","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31151, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1260-7702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujin","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31151, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1180-0380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indrajeet","family":"Barman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31151, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanieh","family":"Tajdozian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31151, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faezeh","family":"Sarafraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31151, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho-Yeon","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31151, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Human Microbiome Medical Research Center (HM-MRC), Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun Seob","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s41021-016-0042-z","article-title":"Oral environment and cancer","volume":"38","author":"Kudo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genes Environ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw022","article-title":"European cancer mortality predictions for the year 2016 with focus on leukaemias","volume":"27","author":"Malvezzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. 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