{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T13:18:17Z","timestamp":1784985497508,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG3F1091-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3F1091-3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG3F1091-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3F1091-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) frequently experience chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, with the inflammasome playing a central role in OSA. This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between weight status, autonomic function, and systemic inflammation in a cohort of 55 children with OSA, predominantly boys (78%) with an average age of 7.4 \u00b1 2.2 years and an apnea-hypopnea index of 14.12 \u00b1 17.05 events\/hour. Measurements were taken of body mass index (BMI), sleep heart-rate variability, morning circulatory levels of interleukin-1\u03b2, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, anthropometry, and polysomnography. Multiple linear regression modeling showed that an apnea-hypopnea index was significantly associated with BMI, the standard deviation of successive differences between normal-to-normal intervals during N3 sleep, and the proportion of normal-to-normal interval pairs differing by more than 50 ms during rapid-eye-movement sleep. A moderated mediation model revealed that interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels mediated the association between BMI and interleukin-6 levels, with sympathovagal balance during N3 sleep and minimum blood oxygen saturation further moderating these relationships. This study highlights the complex relationships between BMI, polysomnographic parameters, sleep heart-rate-variability metrics, and inflammatory markers in children with OSA, underlining the importance of weight management in this context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T12:40:07Z","timestamp":1723812007000},"page":"8951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Weight Status, Autonomic Function, and Systemic Inflammation in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7394-4016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai-Hua","family":"Chuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei and Linkou Branches, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0598-5684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chung-Guei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0798-5378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jen-Fu","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5466-8995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Pang","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4015-5942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Shu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Child Psychiatry, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9016-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsueh-Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8414-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Ang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101871","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among preschool aged children in the general population: A systematic review","volume":"73","author":"Magnusdottir","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Med. 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