{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400951,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"L\u2019OREAL","award":["RGPIN-2023-04598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2023-04598"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2023-04598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2023-04598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec\u2014Sant\u00e9 (FRQ-S)","award":["RGPIN-2023-04598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2023-04598"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ultraviolet (UV) exposure and atmospheric pollution are both independently implicated in skin diseases such as cancer and premature aging. UVA wavelengths, which penetrate in the deep layers of the skin dermis, exert their toxicity mainly through chromophore photosensitization reactions. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon originating from the incomplete combustion of organic matter, could act as a chromophore and absorb UVA. We and other groups have previously shown that BaP and UVA synergize their toxicity in skin cells, which leads to important oxidation. Even if mitochondria alterations have been related to premature skin aging and other skin disorders, no studies have focused on the synergy between UV exposure and pollution on mitochondria. Our study aims to investigate the combined effect of UVA and BaP specifically on mitochondria in order to assess the effect on mitochondrial membranes and the consequences on mitochondrial activity. We show that BaP has a strong affinity for mitochondria and that this affinity leads to an important induction of lipid peroxidation and membrane disruption when exposed to UVA. Co-exposure to UVA and BaP synergizes their toxicity to negatively impact mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial metabolism and the mitochondrial network. Altogether, our results highlight the implication of mitochondria in the synergistic toxicity of pollution and UV exposure and the potential of this toxicity on skin integrity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T05:16:24Z","timestamp":1724649384000},"page":"9146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Synergistic Toxicity of Pollutant and Ultraviolet Exposure from a Mitochondrial Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2861-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elo\u00efse","family":"Larnac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, H\u00f4pital du Saint-Sacrement, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale, Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"M\u00e9thot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, H\u00f4pital du Saint-Sacrement, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale, Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7961-2891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Pelchat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, H\u00f4pital du Saint-Sacrement, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc-Antoine","family":"Millette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, H\u00f4pital du Saint-Sacrement, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8713-8103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia","family":"Montoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale, Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, D\u00e9partement d\u2019Ophtalmologie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Salesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, H\u00f4pital du Saint-Sacrement, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, D\u00e9partement d\u2019Ophtalmologie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Haydont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research, L\u2019OREAL Research & Innovation, 93600 Aulnay-Sous-Bois, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Marrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research, L\u2019OREAL Research & Innovation, 93600 Aulnay-Sous-Bois, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0678-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Rochette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, H\u00f4pital du Saint-Sacrement, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organog\u00e9n\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale, Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, D\u00e9partement d\u2019Ophtalmologie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Annesley, S.J., and Fisher, P.R. 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