{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T02:04:52Z","timestamp":1789524292876,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FSSF-2023-0046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FSSF-2023-0046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a hereditary condition accompanied by disorders in the structural and regulatory properties of connective tissue, including elastic fibers, due to a mutation in the gene encodes for fibrillin-1 protein (FBN1 gene) and the synthesis of abnormal fibrillin-1 glycoprotein. Despite the high potential of mast cells (MCs) to remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM), their pathogenetic significance in MFS has not been considered yet. The group of patients with Marfan syndrome included two mothers and five children (three girls aged 4, 11, and 11 and two boys aged 12 and 13). Normal skin was examined in two children aged 11 and 12. Histochemical, monoplex, and multiplex immunohistochemical techniques; combined protocols of simultaneous histochemical and immunohistochemical staining (the results of staining were assessed using light, epifluorescence, and confocal microscopy); and bioinformatics algorithms for the quantitative analysis of detected targets were used to evaluate mast cells and their relationship with other cells from extracellular structures in the skin dermis. Analysis of the skin MC population in children with Marfan syndrome revealed a considerably increased number of intra-organic populations with the preservation of the specific Tryptase+Chymase+CPA3+ protease profile typical of the skin. The features of the MC histotopography phenotype in MFS consisted of closer colocalization with elastic fibers, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts. MCs formed many intradermal clusters that synchronized the activity of cell functions in the stromal landscape of the tissue microenvironment with the help of spatial architectonics, including the formation of cell chains and the creation of fibrous niches. In MCs, the expression of specific proteases, TGF-\u03b2, and heparin increased, with targeted secretion of biologically active substances relative to the dermal elastic fibers, which had specific structural features in MFS, including abnormal variability in thickness along their entire length, alternating thickened and thinned areas, and uneven surface topography. This paper discusses the potential role of MCs in strain analysis (tensometry) of the tissue microenvironment in MFS. Thus, the quantitative and qualitative rearrangements of the skin MC population in MFS are aimed at altering the stromal landscape of the connective tissue. The results obtained should be taken into account when managing clinical signs of MFS manifested in other pathogenetically critical structures of internal organs, including the aorta, tendons, cartilage, and parenchymal organs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T05:16:24Z","timestamp":1724649384000},"page":"9191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Contribution of Mast Cells to the Regulation of Elastic Fiber Tensometry in the Skin Dermis of Children with Marfan Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8347-4556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitrii","family":"Atiakshin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation"},{"name":"Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Nikolaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics & Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 2, Taldomskaya St., 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alla","family":"Semyachkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics & Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 2, Taldomskaya St., 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Kostin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artem","family":"Volodkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey","family":"Morozov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics & Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 2, Taldomskaya St., 125412 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ignatyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2052-914X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liudmila","family":"Mikhaleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8447-2600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grigory","family":"Demyashkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St., 8\/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0546-5280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Elieh-Ali-Komi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Allergology, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 12203 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1142-7483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Buchwalow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation"},{"name":"Institute for Hematopathology, Fangdieckstr, 75a, 22547 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Tiemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Hematopathology, Fangdieckstr, 75a, 22547 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2015.12.003","article-title":"Recent progress in understanding the natural and clinical histories of the Marfan syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Pyeritz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc. 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