{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:04:14Z","timestamp":1781597054806,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\/14821-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/14821-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","award":["2017\/14821-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/14821-7"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Escherichia coli is a frequent pathogen isolated from bloodstream infections. This study aimed to characterize the genetic features of EC092, an E. coli strain isolated from bacteremia that harbors enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) genetic markers, indicating its hybrid pathogenic potential. Whole-genome sequencing showed that EC092 belongs to phylogroup B1, ST278, and serotype O165:H4. Genes encoding virulence factors such as fimbriae, toxins, iron-uptake systems, autotransporter proteins (Pet, Pic, Sat, and SepA), and secretion systems were detected, as well as EAEC virulence genes (aggR, aatA, aaiC, and aap). EC092 was found to be closely related to the other EAEC prototype strains and highly similar in terms of virulence to three EAEC strains isolated from diarrhea. The genomic neighborhood of pet, pic, sat, sepA, and the EAEC virulence genes of EC092 and its three genetically related fecal EAEC strains showed an identical genomic organization and nucleotide sequences. Also, EC092 produced and secreted Pet, Pic, Sat, and SepA in the culture supernatant and resisted the bactericidal activity of normal human serum. Our results demonstrate that the strain EC092, isolated from bacteremia, is a hybrid pathogenic extraintestinal E. coli (ExPEC)\/EAEC with virulence features that could mediate both extraintestinal and intestinal infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T07:53:37Z","timestamp":1724658817000},"page":"9238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Genomic Dissection of an Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Strain Isolated from Bacteremia Reveals Insights into Its Hybrid Pathogenic Potential"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Alejandra M. G.","family":"Del Carpio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia A.","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda B.","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0068-8506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxane M. F.","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0452-5678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 04023-062, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eneas","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3470-5706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waldir P.","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00002-14","article-title":"Population-Based Epidemiology and Microbiology of Community-Onset Bloodstream Infections","volume":"27","author":"Laupland","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. 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