{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T20:44:44Z","timestamp":1777063484712,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003718","name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KSN2411013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSN2411013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gwakhyangjeonggi-san (GJS) is a traditional herbal medicine used in East Asia for the treatment of symptoms involving lower intestinal abnormalities; however, the effects of GJS on innate immunity and its cellular mechanisms of action have not been elucidated. In this study, we assessed the immune-enhancing activity and underlying mechanisms of GJS using RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. The results showed that GJS treatment significantly increased the secretion of nitric oxide and cytokines and their mRNA expression in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells without causing cytotoxicity. GJS treatment also significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species, as well as inducing phagocytic activity, adhesion function, and migration ability, all of which improved the immune response. In addition, GJS activated nuclear factor-\u03baB by promoting the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of nuclear factor-\u03baB alpha. Furthermore, GJS markedly increased the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in RAW 264.7 cells. These findings indicate that GJS has potential value as a dietary supplement for strengthening immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T10:01:51Z","timestamp":1724666511000},"page":"9246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Immune-Enhancing Effects of Gwakhyangjeonggi-san in RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells through the MAPK\/NF-\u03baB Signaling Pathways"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yun Hee","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8876-0201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7272-7290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9889-7770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You-Chang","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0934-7521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jang-Gi","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70, Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-018-0278-1","article-title":"An introduction to immunology and immunopathology","volume":"14","author":"Marshall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin. 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