{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:02:19Z","timestamp":1791511339261,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kids Brain Health Network"},{"name":"Ontario Brain Institute"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by pronounced motor dysfunction and resulting in physical disability. Neural precursor cells (NPCs) have shown therapeutic promise in mouse models of hypoxic-ischemic (HI) perinatal brain injury, which mirror hemiplegic CP. Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) enhances the functional use of the impaired limb and has emerged as a beneficial intervention for hemiplegic CP. However, the precise mechanisms and optimal application of CIMT remain poorly understood. The potential synergy between a regenerative approach using NPCs and a rehabilitation strategy using CIMT has not been explored. We employed the Rice\u2013Vannucci HI model on C57Bl\/6 mice at postnatal day (PND) 7, effectively replicating the clinical and neuroanatomical characteristics of hemiplegic CP. NPCs were transplanted in the corpus callosum (CC) at PND21, which is the age corresponding to a 2-year-old child from a developmental perspective and until which CP is often not formally diagnosed, followed or not by Botulinum toxin injections in the unaffected forelimb muscles at PND23, 26, 29 and 32 to apply CIMT. Both interventions led to enhanced CC myelination and significant functional recovery (as shown by rearing and gait analysis testing), through the recruitment of endogenous oligodendrocytes. The combinatorial treatment indicated a synergistic effect, as shown by newly recruited oligodendrocytes and functional recovery. This work demonstrates the mechanistic effects of CIMT and NPC transplantation and advocates for their combined therapeutic potential in addressing hemiplegic CP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T11:33:37Z","timestamp":1724931217000},"page":"9403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) and Neural Precursor Cell (NPC) Transplantation Synergistically Promote Anatomical and Functional Recovery in a Hypoxic-Ischemic Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Prakasham","family":"Rumajogee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana","family":"Altamentova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirushan","family":"Puvanenthirarajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Asgarihafshejani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9927-9432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derek","family":"Van Der Kooy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5722-6364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael G.","family":"Fehlings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery and Spine Program, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15082","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.82","article-title":"Cerebral palsy","volume":"2","author":"Graham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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