{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:19:38Z","timestamp":1790997578576,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000646","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22K10214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K10214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000646","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000646","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24K20027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24K20027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000646","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The fatty acid receptor CD36 is expressed on various malignant cells and is suggested to contribute to tumor progression. CD36 is also expressed by several immune cells and involved in immune responses and may be a potential target in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated whether the selective inhibition of CD36 can inhibit tumor progression and facilitate an antitumor immune response in oral squamous carcinoma cells (OSCCs). We assessed the effects of sulfosuccinimidyl oleate sodium (SSO), a CD36 inhibitor, on the proliferation apoptosis and alteration in tumor cell surface expression levels of immune accessory molecules in vitro. We also assessed whether SSO-treated OSCCs could promote a T cell response via a Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) assay. We also investigated the direct antitumor effects and immunomodulatory effects of SSO using a mouse oral cancer OSCC model. SSO treatment significantly inhibited OSCC proliferation, increased apoptotic cell death, and upregulated the cell surface expression of several immune accessory molecules, including CD83, MHC-Class II, and PD-L1. SSO-treated OSCCs augmented T cell proliferation following MLR. In vivo SSO administration significantly attenuated mouse tumor growth with an increased proportion of immune cells, including CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and dendritic cells; it also decreased the proportion of immune suppressive cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor and regulatory T cells. These results suggest that the selective inhibition of CD36 can induce direct and indirect antitumor effects by facilitating host antitumor immune responses in OSCCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T09:39:32Z","timestamp":1725010772000},"page":"9438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Targeting CD36-Mediated Lipid Metabolism by Selective Inhibitor-Augmented Antitumor Immune Responses in Oral Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mayu","family":"Takaichi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetake","family":"Tachinami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danki","family":"Takatsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5456-6431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amirmoezz","family":"Yonesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Irfan","family":"Rasul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichi","family":"Imaue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin-Ichi","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0943-4000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ruslin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7156-1820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manabu","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3896-9517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun-Ichi","family":"Tanuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8147-6603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kei","family":"Tomihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: Globocan estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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