{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:54:45Z","timestamp":1777658085449,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["CN00000041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000041"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["RF19.12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF19.12"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["DSCH_BASE19_ORLACCHIO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DSCH_BASE19_ORLACCHIO"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["RICERCABASE_2020_ORLACCHIO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICERCABASE_2020_ORLACCHIO"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["RICERCA_ATENEO_ALIMENTAZIONE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICERCA_ATENEO_ALIMENTAZIONE"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["CN00000041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000041"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RF19.12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF19.12"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["DSCH_BASE19_ORLACCHIO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DSCH_BASE19_ORLACCHIO"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RICERCABASE_2020_ORLACCHIO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICERCABASE_2020_ORLACCHIO"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RICERCA_ATENEO_ALIMENTAZIONE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICERCA_ATENEO_ALIMENTAZIONE"]}]},{"name":"University of Perugia","award":["CN00000041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000041"]}]},{"name":"University of Perugia","award":["RF19.12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF19.12"]}]},{"name":"University of Perugia","award":["DSCH_BASE19_ORLACCHIO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DSCH_BASE19_ORLACCHIO"]}]},{"name":"University of Perugia","award":["RICERCABASE_2020_ORLACCHIO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICERCABASE_2020_ORLACCHIO"]}]},{"name":"University of Perugia","award":["RICERCA_ATENEO_ALIMENTAZIONE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RICERCA_ATENEO_ALIMENTAZIONE"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Experimental models play a pivotal role in biomedical research, facilitating the understanding of disease mechanisms and the development of novel therapeutics. This is particularly true for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson\u2019s disease, Huntington\u2019s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and motor neuron disease, which present complex challenges for research and therapy development. In this work, we review the recent literature about experimental models and motor neuron disease. We identified three main categories of models that are highly studied by scientists. In fact, experimental models for investigating these diseases encompass a variety of approaches, including modeling the patient\u2019s cell culture, patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, and organoids. Each model offers unique advantages and limitations, providing researchers with a range of tools to address complex biological questions. Here, we discuss the characteristics, applications, and recent advancements in terms of each model system, highlighting their contributions to advancing biomedical knowledge and translational research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T09:21:00Z","timestamp":1725873660000},"page":"9747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Experimental Cell Models for Investigating Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0877-7696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Evangelisti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1129-2010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherin","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2602-3281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Orlacchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neurogenetics, European Center for Brain Research (CERC), IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00143 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2338-1139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Panza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5981","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12335","article-title":"The hallmarks of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Antony","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-012-8280-y","article-title":"The Lewy body in Parkinson\u2019s disease and related neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"2","author":"Wakabayashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. 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