{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:27:15Z","timestamp":1760146035096,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Leo Pharma AB","award":["SAHL1011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAHL1011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The gut microbiota plays a critical role in immune system function, with dysbiosis linked to systemic inflammation, contributing to conditions like psoriasis and depression. Although biological treatments for severe psoriasis are known to impact gut bacteria, less is understood about their effects on fungi. This study aims to investigate fungal gut microbiota changes in psoriasis patients transitioning from TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors to brodalumab. Fecal samples from 20 patients were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the ITS2 region of 18S rRNA. Microbial diversity was assessed through Bray\u2013Curtis dissimilarity and the Shannon\u2013Wiener index. Clinical outcomes were measured using clinical scores for psoriasis and depression severity, with statistical analysis performed via Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and PERMANOVA. Results showed that Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum in both treatment groups, with Saccharomyces, Penicillium, Candida, and Debaryomyces as prevalent genera. No significant changes occurred at the phylum level after switching to brodalumab, though minor genome-level variations were observed. Beta diversity analysis highlighted inter-patient variability, with no significant correlation between fungal composition and clinical outcomes. Despite improved clinical scores, the fungal gut microbiota remained largely stable, suggesting that brodalumab does not significantly alter fungal communities in psoriasis patients. Further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T03:49:46Z","timestamp":1727149786000},"page":"10239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effects of Brodalumab on the Fungal Microbiome in Patients with Psoriasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Admir","family":"Vi\u017elin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aj\u0161a","family":"Bajramovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology (SSST), 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ylva Andersch","family":"Bj\u00f6rkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4741-3665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yadhu","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurofins Genomics, 78467 Konstanz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"G\u00f6the","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurofins Genomics, 78467 Konstanz, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5033-5421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Gillstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amra","family":"Osman\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez, J.C. 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