{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T18:25:12Z","timestamp":1789064712814,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["NSFC82271566"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC82271566"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["NSFC82071513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC82071513"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["ZR2022LSW025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2022LSW025"]}]},{"name":"Joint Fund of Shandong Natural Science Foundation","award":["NSFC82271566"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC82271566"]}]},{"name":"Joint Fund of Shandong Natural Science Foundation","award":["NSFC82071513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC82071513"]}]},{"name":"Joint Fund of Shandong Natural Science Foundation","award":["ZR2022LSW025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2022LSW025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Depression is a common neuropsychiatric disease which brings an increasing burden to all countries globally. Baicalin, a flavonoid extracted from the dried roots of Scutellaria, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects in the treatment of depression. However, the potential biological mechanisms underlying its antidepressant effect are still unclear. In the present study, we conducted extensive research on the potential mechanisms of baicalin\u2019s antidepressant effect using the methods of network pharmacology, including overlapped terms-based analysis, protein\u2013protein interaction (PPI) network topology analysis, and enrichment analysis. Moreover, these results were further verified through molecular docking, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential gene expression analysis, and subsequent animal experiments. We identified forty-one genes as the targets of baicalin in the treatment of depression, among which AKT1, IL6, TP53, IL1B, and CASP3 have higher centrality in the more core position. Meanwhile, the roles of peripheral genes derived from direct potential targets were also observed. Our study suggested that biological processes, such as inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, may be involved in the therapeutic process of baicalin on depression. These mechanisms were validated at the level of structure, gene, protein, and signaling pathway in the present study. Taken together, these findings propose a new perspective on the potential mechanisms underlying baicalin\u2019s antidepressant effect, and also provide a new basis and clarified perspective for its clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T08:54:13Z","timestamp":1727168053000},"page":"10259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Baicalin Ameliorates Depression-like Behaviors via Inhibiting Neuroinflammation and Apoptosis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5851-5953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhang","family":"Yi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changmin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/515180a","article-title":"Mental health: A world of depression","volume":"515","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Dattani, S., Ritchie, H., and Roser, M. 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