{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T14:51:58Z","timestamp":1785595918008,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":216,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,29]],"date-time":"2024-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture from the Japanese Government","award":["22K09829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K09829"]}]},{"name":"Eye Research Foundation for the Aged in Japan","award":["22K09829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K09829"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most retinal and optic nerve diseases pose significant threats to vision, primarily due to irreversible retinal neuronal cell death, a permanent change, which is a critical factor in their pathogenesis. Conditions such as glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration are the top four leading causes of blindness among the elderly in Japan. While standard treatments\u2014including reduction in intraocular pressure, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies, and retinal photocoagulation\u2014can partially delay disease progression, their therapeutic effects remain limited. To address these shortcomings, a range of neuroprotective and regenerative therapies, aimed at preventing retinal neuronal cell loss, have been extensively studied and increasingly integrated into clinical practice over the last two decades. Several of these neuroprotective therapies have achieved on-label usage worldwide. This narrative review introduces several neuroprotective and regenerative therapies for retinal and optic nerve diseases that have been successfully translated into clinical practice, providing foundational knowledge and success stories that serve as valuable references for researchers in the field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T03:12:28Z","timestamp":1727665948000},"page":"10485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Translational Research and Therapies for Neuroprotection and Regeneration of the Optic Nerve and Retina: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8273-845X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Oshitari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita 286-8686, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-023-00986-9","article-title":"A nationwide survey of newly certified visually impaired individuals in Japan for the fiscal year 2019: Impact of the revision of criteria for visual impairment certification","volume":"67","author":"Matoba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jpn. 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