{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T01:04:13Z","timestamp":1780448653475,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea government (MSIT)","award":["2020R1A2C1013956"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C1013956"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (MSIT)","award":["RS-2023-KH139519 (HF23C0116)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-KH139519 (HF23C0116)"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["2020R1A2C1013956"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C1013956"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["RS-2023-KH139519 (HF23C0116)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-KH139519 (HF23C0116)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the past 30 years, the number of years lived with disability due to osteoarthritis (OA) has doubled, making it an increasing global health burden. To address this issue, interventions that inhibit the progressive pathology driven by age-related low-grade inflammation, the primary mechanism of OA, are being actively pursued. Recent investigations have focused on modulating the age-related low-grade inflammatory pathology of this disease as a therapeutic target. However, no agent has successfully halted the disease\u2019s progression or reversed its irreversible course. Reynoutria japonica Houtt. (RJ), a promising East Asian herbal medicine, has been utilized for several diseases due to its potent anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to determine RJ\u2019s capacity to inhibit OA symptoms and associated inflammation, exploring its potential for further development. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated RJ\u2019s anti-OA activity and modulation of multifaceted inflammatory targets. RJ significantly inhibited pain, gait deterioration, and cartilage destruction in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced OA rat model, with its analgesic effect further confirmed in an acetic acid-induced writhing model. RJ exhibited consistent anti-inflammatory activity against multiple targets in serum and cartilage of the OA rat model and lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1\u03b2, interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase-13, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, and nitric oxide synthase 2, suggests that RJ\u2019s alleviation of OA manifestations relates to its multifaceted anti-inflammatory activity. These results indicate that RJ merits further investigation as a disease-modifying drug candidate targeting OA\u2019s inflammatory pathology. To further characterize the pharmacological properties of RJ, future studies with expanded designs are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T03:36:03Z","timestamp":1727926563000},"page":"10647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Inhibitory Effects of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. on Pain and Cartilage Breakdown in Osteoarthritis Based on Its Multifaceted Anti-Inflammatory Activity: An In Vivo and In Vitro Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1805-4387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee-Geun","family":"Jo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Naturalis Inc., 6 Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13549, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8167-049X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chae Yun","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juni","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7073-5113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeseul","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunhye","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RexSoft Inc., 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9682-5933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aejin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13306, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5306-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho Sueb","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13306, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1075-0713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donghun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.19675","article-title":"Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain: A Review","volume":"330","author":"Duong","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.212009","article-title":"MRI-Based Texture Analysis of Infrapatellar Fat Pad to Predict Knee Osteoarthritis Incidence","volume":"304","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01330-w","article-title":"Osteoarthritis: Pathogenic Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Targets","volume":"8","author":"Yao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. 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