{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T18:03:20Z","timestamp":1782324200500,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF)","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Agricultural areas can provide sources of food and hiding and nesting places for wild birds. Thus, the chemical load of potentially toxic elements (Cd, Cu, Pb) due to industrial and agricultural activities can affect not only the adult birds but also the embryos developing in the egg. The toxic effects of heavy metals applied alone were investigated on chicken embryos in the early and late stages of embryonic development using injection and immersion treatment methods. On day 3 of incubation, permanent preparations were made from the embryos to study the early development stage. There were no significant differences observed in embryo deaths and developmental abnormalities in this stage. On day 19 of incubation, the number of embryonic deaths, the body weight of the embryos, and the type of developmental abnormalities were examined. The embryonic mortality was statistically higher in the groups treated with cadmium and lead in the case of the injection treatment. A significant increase in developmental disorders was observed in the copper-treated group using the immersion application. The body weight significantly decreased in the cadmium- and lead-treated group using both treatment methods. However, a significant change in the body weight in the copper-treated group was only realized due to the injection method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T06:45:52Z","timestamp":1727937952000},"page":"10662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Potential Teratogenicity Effects of Metals on Avian Embryos"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1772-4446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Protection, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, De\u00e1k F. u. 16, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Budai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Protection, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, De\u00e1k F. u. 16, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9va","family":"Juh\u00e1sz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Science Division, Bayer Hung\u00e1ria Ltd., Domb\u00f3v\u00e1ri u. 26, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Plant Protection, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, De\u00e1k F. u. 16, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8021-0566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f3zsef","family":"Lehel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Hygiene, Institute of Food Chain Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1400 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"National Laboratory for Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2, H-1400 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/10588339991339270","article-title":"Methodology to Assess the Amounts of Pesticidal Mercury Used Historically in New Jersey","volume":"8","author":"Murphy","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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