{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:30:12Z","timestamp":1760146212888,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 1 R01 HL151613","P20 GM121288-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 1 R01 HL151613","P20 GM121288-02"]}]},{"name":"Center for translational viral oncology (CTVO)","award":["R01 1 R01 HL151613","P20 GM121288-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 1 R01 HL151613","P20 GM121288-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A 16-year-old patient, while an infant, incurred right-sided hemiparesis and had difficulty breast feeding. She was later diagnosed with a neonatal stroke and her genetic testing showed a missense mutation in her PROS1 (Protein S) gene. Both her grandfather and father, but not her mother, had hereditary Protein S (PS) deficiency. The patient was not prescribed any mediation due to her young age but was frequently checked by her physician. The patient\u2019s plasma was first collected at the age of 13, and the isolated plasma from the patient and her father were analyzed by aPTT, thrombin generation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. These analyses showed low PS activity and clotting time associated with the missense mutation in the PROS1 gene. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the patient received her first Pfizer vaccination dose in 2021, followed by a booster dose in 2022. The plasma samples were collected 8 weeks post-immunization, after which her clotting parameters had improved for up to 6 months following vaccination. The patient\u2019s plasma showed a significant reduction in thrombin generation and an improved aPTT clotting time. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that her antithrombin-III level was significantly higher post-vaccination, and both thrombin and FXII levels were significantly lowered compared with her father. To our knowledge, this is the first report to document that COVID-19 vaccination can lower the risk of thrombosis in a patient with inherited thrombophilia. Although the effect was observed on a single mutation, it would be interesting to investigate the effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on other thrombophilia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T06:23:18Z","timestamp":1728282198000},"page":"10717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Improved Hemostasis of a Patient with Protein S Deficiency: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4199-8385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lekha","family":"Thangada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7846-2948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Polan\u00eda-Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5961-6761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovanny","family":"Zabaleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"},{"name":"Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1727-7220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rinku","family":"Majumder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-04-1710","article-title":"Directing thrombin","volume":"106","author":"Lane","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.2015-0062","article-title":"Pediatric Coagulation Disorders","volume":"37","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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