{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T07:42:39Z","timestamp":1770536559325,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pediatric patients with polyuria polydipsia syndrome (PPS) represent a diagnostic challenge for clinicians because of the technical difficulties in performing the gold standard water deprivation test (WDT). Copeptin, a stable biomarker representing the C-terminal portion of the polypeptide chain of the antidiuretic hormone, is a reliable diagnostic tool. To assess the diagnostic accuracy of baseline copeptin dosing, arginine\/hypertonic saline copeptin stimulation tests, and WDT. This study aimed to establish the diagnostic utility of copeptin in pediatric patients by distinguishing between central diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and primary polydipsia. Comparative and non-comparative primary studies published between January 2018 and August 2024 focusing on children were searched and included in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability. Meta-analyses used fixed effects models because of low heterogeneity and the HSROC model. Eleven studies were included with an overall low bias and no significant applicability concerns. The mean pooled sensitivity = 0.98 (95% CI: 0.936\u20131.025), pooled specificity = 0.947 (95% CI: 0.920\u20130.973), and AUC = 0.972 (95% CI: 0.952\u20130.992), indicating excellent diagnostic accuracy. Stimulation methods for copeptin dosing represent an effective and less invasive diagnostic test for children with PPS, and future development of standard copeptin testing protocols is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T06:23:18Z","timestamp":1728282198000},"page":"10743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Diagnostic Utility of Copeptin in Pediatric Patients with Polyuria-Polydipsia Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Diana-Andreea","family":"Ciortea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children \u201cMaria Sklodowska Curie\u201d, 041451 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8838-8817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen Loredana","family":"Petrea (Clive\u021bi)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children \u201cSf Ioan\u201d, 800487 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Bujoreanu Bezman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8529-8022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iolanda Cristina","family":"Vivisenco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children \u201cGrigore Alexandrescu\u201d, Department of Pediatrics, 011743 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sorin Ion","family":"Berbece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8327-1364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Gur\u0103u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children \u201cSf Ioan\u201d, 800487 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u0103d\u0103lina Nicoleta","family":"Matei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children \u201cSf Ioan\u201d, 800487 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurel","family":"Nechita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University \u201cDunarea de Jos\u201d of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania"},{"name":"Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children \u201cSf Ioan\u201d, 800487 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Gubbi, S., Fady, H.-S., Koch, C.A., and Verbalis, J.G. 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