{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T10:08:21Z","timestamp":1781086101823,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wroclaw Medical University","award":["ST-C210.16.082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ST-C210.16.082"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The impact of obesity on kidney injury and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is well documented. Unfortunately, the early stages of CKD are asymptomatic, leading to a delayed diagnosis and a worse prognosis. There is a need for more sensitive indicators of kidney damage than those currently used. We aimed to assess the usefulness of serum t-CAF, urinary netrin-1, \u03b1-GST, \u03c0-GST, calbindin, and calprotectin as biomarkers of early kidney damage in obese children and to investigate the relationship between these indicators and the degree of obesity. A total of 125 simple obese, normoalbuminuric children and 33 non-obese children as controls were selected. Patients were divided into 2 subgroups according to SDS BMI (I: 2 \u2264 4, II: &gt;4). Serum t-CAF was significantly higher in the obese group compared to the controls, as were urinary \u03b1-GST, netrin-1, \u03c0-GST, and calprotectin. No difference was found between the two obese groups. In normoalbuminuric obese children and adolescents without significant metabolic disorders, serum t-CAF may be a new biomarker for the early detection of renal dysfunction, and urinary netrin-1, \u03b1-GST, \u03c0-GST, and calprotectin may be better indicators for the detection of early tubular damage, independent of the severity of obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T06:23:18Z","timestamp":1728282198000},"page":"10769","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["New Markers of Early Kidney Damage in Children and Adolescents with Simple Obesity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Medy\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Chrzanowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6641-6776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Zubkiewicz-Kucharska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danuta","family":"Zwoli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05810-z","article-title":"Relation between obesity-related comorbidities and kidney function estimation in children","volume":"38","author":"Pottel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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