{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T22:58:31Z","timestamp":1786661911652,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our study aims to quantitatively analyze CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in different areas and LN classes and describe a specific distribution pattern that is correlated with the severity of LN-specific lesions. In total, 53 LN renal biopsies were immunohistochemically investigated using anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies. T lymphocytes were counted in 3 areas, including intraglomerular, periglomerular, and interstitial regions. The severity of glomerular and tubulo-interstitial lesions was assessed using an original semi-quantitative algorithm based on the renal corpuscle score (RC_S) and the tubulo-interstitial score (TI_S). The number of CD8+ T lymphocytes was higher than that of CD4+ T lymphocytes in each of the three areas and in each LN class, showing statistically significant differences. ANOVA analysis of all LN classes showed significant differences between periglomerular and interstitial CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, respectively. Irrespective of location, the number of CD8+ T lymphocytes statistically correlates with the RC_S and the TI_S; no significant correlations were found between the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes and the RC_S and the TI_S for all three considered areas. Our data provide strong evidence supporting the major role of CD8+ lymphocytes in LN lesion progression, with CD4+ lymphocytes playing a limited role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T07:08:18Z","timestamp":1728284898000},"page":"10775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytic Inflammatory Infiltrates in Lupus Nephritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Tudor","family":"Azoic\u0103i","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Rheumatology, CHU Helora, Avenue B. de Constantinople no. 5, 7000 Mons, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I\u2014Histology, Pathology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena-Roxana","family":"Av\u0103d\u0103nei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I\u2014Histology, Pathology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6321-7253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona-Eliza","family":"Giusca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I\u2014Histology, Pathology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, \u201cDr. C. I. Parhon\u201d Clinical Hospital, 50 Carol I Boulevard, 700503 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Onofriescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\u2014Nephrology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, \u201cDr. C. I. Parhon\u201d Clinical Hospital, 50 Carol I Boulevard, 700503 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9985-2486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian C.","family":"Covic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\u2014Nephrology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, \u201cDr. C. I. Parhon\u201d Clinical Hospital, 50 Carol I Boulevard, 700503 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Romanian Medical Science Academy, 1 I.C. Bratianu Boulevard, 030171 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0402-060X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Gena","family":"Dascalu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity\u2014Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina-Draga","family":"C\u0103runtu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I\u2014Histology, Pathology, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, \u201cDr. C. I. Parhon\u201d Clinical Hospital, 50 Carol I Boulevard, 700503 Ia\u0219i, Romania"},{"name":"Romanian Medical Science Academy, 1 I.C. Bratianu Boulevard, 030171 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000091181.93122.55","article-title":"European Working Party on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 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