{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T04:43:56Z","timestamp":1793508236341,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004561","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AP14871754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14871754"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004561","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004561","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20122022CRP1602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20122022CRP1602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004561","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Nazarbayev University Collaborative Research Program Grants","award":["AP14871754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14871754"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/052bx8q98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Nazarbayev University Collaborative Research Program Grants","award":["20122022CRP1602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20122022CRP1602"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/052bx8q98","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is traditionally viewed as a central nervous system disorder driven by the cerebral accumulation of toxic beta-amyloid (A\u03b2) peptide, new interpretations of the amyloid cascade hypothesis have led to the recognition of the dynamic equilibrium in which A\u03b2 resides and the importance of peripheral A\u03b2 production and degradation in maintaining healthy A\u03b2 levels. Our review sheds light on the critical role of peripheral organs, particularly the liver, in the metabolism and clearance of circulating A\u03b2. We explore the mechanisms of A\u03b2 transport across the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) via transport proteins such as LRP1 and P-glycoprotein. We also examine how peripheral clearance mechanisms, including enzymatic degradation and phagocytic activity, impact A\u03b2 homeostasis. Our review also discusses potential therapeutic strategies targeting peripheral A\u03b2 clearance pathways. By enhancing these pathways, we propose a novel approach to reducing cerebral A\u03b2 burden, potentially slowing AD progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252010964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T04:02:58Z","timestamp":1728878578000},"page":"10964","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Pathology of Amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) Peptide Peripheral Clearance in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3818-3079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey","family":"Tsoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0286-7252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bauyrzhan","family":"Umbayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3670-3600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliya","family":"Kassenova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bibifatima","family":"Kaupbayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6161-1671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sholpan","family":"Askarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2006-9S319","article-title":"Amyloid beta-peptide is produced by cultured cells during normal metabolism: A reprise","volume":"9","author":"Selkoe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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