{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:23:45Z","timestamp":1790231025462,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"G\u00e9rontop\u00f4le AURA"},{"name":"Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (ANRT)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) affects a large part of the aging population. It is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia and associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. One hypothesis is that the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) functions could be altered by exosomes. Exosomes are nanovesicles found in biological fluids. Through the study of exosomes and their content in tau and amyloid beta (A\u03b2), the aim of this study was to show how exosomes could be used as biomarkers of OSAS and of their cognitive disorders. Two groups of 15 volunteers from the PROOF cohort were selected: severe apnea (AHI &gt; 30) and control (AHI &lt; 5). After exosome isolation from blood serum, we characterized and quantified them (CD81, CD9, CD63) by western blot and ELISAs and put them 5 h in contact with an in vitro BBB model. The apparent permeability of the BBB was measured using sodium-fluorescein and TEER. Cell ELISAs were performed on tight junctions (ZO-1, claudin-5, occludin). The amount of tau and A\u03b2 proteins found in the exosomes was quantified using ELISAs. Compared to controls, OSAS patients had a greater quantity of exosomes, tau, and A\u03b2 proteins in their blood sera, which induced an increase in BBB permeability in the model and was reflected by a loss of tight junction\u2019 expression. Elderly patients suffering severe OSAS released more exosomes in serum from the brain compartment than controls. Such exosomes increased BBB permeability. The impact of such alterations on the risk of developing cognitive dysfunction and\/or neurodegenerative diseases is questioned.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252011058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T08:09:08Z","timestamp":1728979748000},"page":"11058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["\u2018Selected\u2019 Exosomes from Sera of Elderly Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients and Their Impact on Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Function: A Preliminary Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Pauline","family":"Guillot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9rontop\u00f4le AURA, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"},{"name":"Inserm, U1059, Sainbiose, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Jacques Lisfranc, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Jacques Lisfranc, Universit\u00e9 Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Celle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, U1059, Sainbiose, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Jacques Lisfranc, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"},{"name":"Physiologie Clinique et de l\u2019Exercice, Centre Visas, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9rontop\u00f4le AURA, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"},{"name":"Chaire Sant\u00e9 des Ain\u00e9s, Ing\u00e9nierie de la Pr\u00e9vention, Universit\u00e9 Jen Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6115-7958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederic","family":"Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, U1059, Sainbiose, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Jacques Lisfranc, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Jacques Lisfranc, Universit\u00e9 Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"},{"name":"Physiologie Clinique et de l\u2019Exercice, Centre Visas, CHU Saint Etienne, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Perek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, U1059, Sainbiose, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Jacques Lisfranc, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Jacques Lisfranc, Universit\u00e9 Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2007.08.006","article-title":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Older Adults","volume":"24","author":"Norman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. 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