{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:22:23Z","timestamp":1792801343024,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":155,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation (NRF)","award":["2020M3E5D9080661"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020M3E5D9080661"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation (NRF)","award":["2023R1A2C1004585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023R1A2C1004585"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation (NRF)","award":["RS-2024-00416536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00416536"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in reflecting pathophysiological PD brain conditions by analyzing the components of CSF. Based on the published literature, we created a single network with altered metabolites in the CSF of patients with PD. We analyzed biological functions related to the transmembrane of mitochondria, respiration of mitochondria, neurodegeneration, and PD using a bioinformatics tool. As the proteome reflects phenotypes, we collected proteome data based on published papers, and the biological function of the single network showed similarities with that of the metabolomic network. Then, we analyzed the single network of integrated metabolome and proteome. In silico predictions based on the single network with integrated metabolomics and proteomics showed that neurodegeneration and PD were predicted to be activated. In contrast, mitochondrial transmembrane activity and respiration were predicted to be suppressed in the CSF of patients with PD. This review underscores the importance of integrated omics analyses in deciphering PD\u2019s complex biochemical networks underlying neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T12:04:22Z","timestamp":1729685062000},"page":"11406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Integrative Metabolome and Proteome Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5914-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seok Gi","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9422-1880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Su","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nimisha Pradeep","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1297-7455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Eun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0045-1958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minjun","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Seop","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 50834, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1299-9478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R183","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm159","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Thomas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. 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