{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:08:18Z","timestamp":1791644898032,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PO.FESR SICILIA 2014\/2020\u2014Azione 1.1.5","award":["087219090463"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["087219090463"]}]},{"name":"PO.FESR SICILIA 2014\/2020\u2014Azione 1.1.5","award":["G68118000640007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G68118000640007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the effects of bariatric surgery on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by examining the interplay between gut microbiota, epigenetics, and metabolic health. A cohort of 22 patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) was analyzed for changes in gut microbial composition and DNA methylation profiles before and six months after surgery. Correlations between gut microbial abundance and clinical markers at baseline revealed that certain genera were associated with worse metabolic health and liver markers. Following SG, significant improvements were observed in the clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters of the NAFLD patients. Although alpha-diversity indices (i.e., Chao1, Simpson, Shannon) did not show significant changes, beta-diversity analysis revealed a slight shift in microbial composition (PERMANOVA, p = 0.036). Differential abundance analysis identified significant changes in specific bacterial taxa, including an increase in beneficial Lactobacillus species such as Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus iners and a decrease in harmful taxa like Erysipelotrichia. Additionally, DNA methylation analysis revealed 609 significant differentially methylated CpG sites between the baseline values and six months post-surgery, with notable enrichment in genes related to the autophagy pathway, such as IRS4 and ATG4B. The results highlight the individualized responses to bariatric surgery and underscore the potential for personalized treatment strategies. In conclusion, integrating gut microbiota and epigenetic factors into NAFLD management could enhance treatment outcomes, suggesting that future research should explore microbiome-targeted therapies and long-term follow-ups on liver health post-surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T04:15:02Z","timestamp":1730088902000},"page":"11510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Changes in Gut Microbial Composition and DNA Methylation in Obese Patients with NAFLD After Bariatric Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4405-8162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Agodi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9734-558X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Ojeda-Granados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2655-8574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Maugeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0905-5003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Barchitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ornella","family":"Coco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Mediterranean Foundation \u201cGB Morgagni\u201d, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5751-9263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Pezzino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Magro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2930-3905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetano La","family":"Greca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Saverio","family":"Latteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Castorina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Mediterranean Foundation \u201cGB Morgagni\u201d, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Puleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Mediterranean Foundation \u201cGB Morgagni\u201d, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2021.20512","article-title":"Evaluation of the Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"32","author":"Kani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk. 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