{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T20:38:03Z","timestamp":1789591083495,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007750","name":"National Cheng Kung University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCKU FD103035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKU FD103035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007750","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007750","name":"National Cheng Kung University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 111-2635-B-214-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2635-B-214-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007750","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007750","name":"National Cheng Kung University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ISU-111-IUC-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISU-111-IUC-10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007750","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007750","name":"National Cheng Kung University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ISU-111-S-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISU-111-S-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007750","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, R.O.C","award":["NCKU FD103035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKU FD103035"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, R.O.C","award":["NSTC 111-2635-B-214-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2635-B-214-001"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, R.O.C","award":["ISU-111-IUC-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISU-111-IUC-10"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, R.O.C","award":["ISU-111-S-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISU-111-S-06"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003835","name":"I-Shou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCKU FD103035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCKU FD103035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003835","name":"I-Shou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 111-2635-B-214-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2635-B-214-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003835","name":"I-Shou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ISU-111-IUC-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISU-111-IUC-10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003835","name":"I-Shou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ISU-111-S-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISU-111-S-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential for muscle protein synthesis and are widely acknowledged for mitigating sarcopenia. Oligonol\u00ae (Olg), a low-molecular-weight polyphenol from Litchi chinensis, has also been found to attenuate sarcopenia by improving mitochondrial quality and positive protein turnover. This study aims to investigate the effect of Olg on BCAA-stimulated protein synthesis in sarcopenia. In sarcopenic C57BL\/6 mice and senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice, BCAAs were significantly decreased in skeletal muscle but increased in blood serum. Furthermore, the expressions of membrane L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) and branched-chain amino acid transaminase 2 (BCAT2) in skeletal muscle were lower in aged mice than in young mice. The administration of Olg for 8 weeks significantly increased the expressions of membrane LAT1 and BCAT2 in the skeletal muscle when compared with non-treated SAMP8 mice. We further found that BCAA deprivation via LAT1-siRNA in C2C12 myotubes inhibited the signaling of protein synthesis and facilitated ubiquitination degradation of BCAT2. In C2C12 cells mimicking sarcopenia, Olg combined with BCAA supplementation enhanced mTOR\/p70S6K activity more than BCAA alone. However, blocked LAT1 by JPH203 reversed the synergistic effect of the combination of Olg and BCAAs. Taken together, changes in LAT1 and BCAT2 during aging profoundly alter BCAA availability and nutrient signaling in aged mice. Olg increases BCAA-stimulated protein synthesis via modulating BCAA transportation and BCAA catabolism. Combining Olg and BCAAs may be a useful nutritional strategy for alleviating sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T04:15:02Z","timestamp":1730088902000},"page":"11549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Oligonol\u00ae, an Oligomerized Polyphenol from Litchi chinensis, Enhances Branched-Chain Amino Acid Transportation and Catabolism to Alleviate Sarcopenia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6773-483X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun-Ching","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9602-0775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yin-Ching","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43330, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 82144, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9296-1316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sue-Joan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan"},{"name":"Marine Biology and Cetacean Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Bahat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.11005\/jbm.2019.26.2.65","article-title":"Sarcopenia Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"26","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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