{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:59:33Z","timestamp":1791917973699,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF23SA0084140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF23SA0084140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)","award":["NNF23SA0084140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF23SA0084140"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite being a highly nutritious and resilient cereal, pearl millet is not popular among consumers and food industries due to the short shelf-life of flour attributed to rapid rancidity development. The biochemical mechanism underlying rancidity, a complex and quantitative trait, needs to be better understood. The present study aims to elucidate the differential accumulation of metabolites in pearl millet that impact the rancidity process. Metabolite profiling was conducted on ten pearl millet genotypes with varying levels of rancidity\u2014comprising high, low, and medium rancid genotypes\u2014utilizing liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) at different accelerated ageing conditions. Through non-targeted metabolomic analysis, crucial metabolites associated with rancidity were identified across various biochemical pathways, including fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, glycerol lipids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. Notably, metabolites such as fatty aldehydes, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, fatty acyls, fatty esters, and fatty amides were significantly elevated in high rancid genotypes, indicating their involvement in the rancidity process. These fatty acids-related metabolites further break down into saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Four key fatty acids\u2014stearic, palmitic, linoleic and linolenic acid\u2014were quantified in the ten pearl millet genotypes, confirming their role in rancidity development. This investigation promises novel insights into utilizing metabolomics to understand the biochemical processes and facilitate precision breeding for developing low-rancidity pearl millet lines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T04:51:33Z","timestamp":1730177493000},"page":"11583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Comparative Metabolomics to Unravel the Biochemical Mechanism Associated with Rancidity in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7200-6215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalenahalli","family":"Yogendra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4284-0268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hemalatha","family":"Sanivarapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2110-1308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tejaswi","family":"Avuthu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shashi Kumar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Durgalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roopa","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anitha","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9625-4870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wricha","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, March 24). 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A"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/21\/11583\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:22:38Z","timestamp":1760113358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/21\/11583"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms252111583"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms252111583","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]}}}