{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:01:54Z","timestamp":1787317314531,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004442","name":"National Science Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/37\/N\/NZ7\/01383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/37\/N\/NZ7\/01383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004442","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Minister of Science","award":["2020\/37\/N\/NZ7\/01383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/37\/N\/NZ7\/01383"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Microplastic is an environmental hazard to which both animals and humans are exposed. Current reports show that it can cause inflammation, including in the gastrointestinal tract. To examine the impact on the ileum, 15 eight-week-old gilts (five individuals\/group) were exposed to PET microplastics (7.6 \u00b5m\u2013416.9 \u00b5m) at a dose of 0.1 g\/day or 1 g\/day for 28 days. The collected ileum fragments were investigated for the cytokine concentrations (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-\u03b1; ELISA test), neuron populations (cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript, galanin, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, substance P, vesicular acetylcholine transporter, and vasoactive intestinal peptide; immunofluorescence staining), and morphometric parameters (histological analysis). Under the influence of MP-PET, there was a reduction in the populations of CART- and GAL-positive neurons in the submucosal plexuses and of nNOS-, VAChT-, and VIP-positive neurons in all the plexuses. In contrast, there was an increase in GAL-positive neurons in the myenteric plexus and SP-positive neurons in all the plexuses. The concentrations of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-\u03b1 did not undergo statistically significant changes under the influence of the low or high dose of MP-PET. The changes in the histological structure exclusively concerned the thinning of the mucosa and the muscularis externa. The results support the thesis that MP-PET is not neutral to the ileal cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T12:25:39Z","timestamp":1730291139000},"page":"11645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Microplastic and the Enteric Nervous System: Effect of PET Microparticles on Selected Neurotransmitters and Cytokines in the Porcine Ileum"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7320-4210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismena","family":"Ga\u0142\u0119cka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Ca\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.135985","article-title":"Microplastics in food\u2014A critical approach to definition, sample preparation, and characterisation","volume":"418","author":"Trzebiatowska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) (2016). Presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in food, with particular focus on seafood. Efsa J., 14, e04501.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2016.4501"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corte Pause, F., Urli, S., Crociati, M., Stradaioli, G., and Baufeld, A. (2024). Connecting the Dots: Livestock Animals as Missing Links in the Chain of Microplastic Contamination and Human Health. Animals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14020350"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pulvirenti, E., Ferrante, M., Barbera, N., Favara, C., Aquilia, E., Palella, M., Cristaldi, A., Conti, G.O., and Fiore, M. (2022). Effects of Nano and Microplastics on the Inflammatory Process: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Systematic Review. Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed.), 27.","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2710287"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-021-01384-8","article-title":"Occurrence, toxicity and remediation of polyethylene terephthalate plastics. A review","volume":"20","author":"Dhaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2022.109587","article-title":"Sentinel species selection for monitoring microplastic pollution: A review on one health approach","volume":"145","author":"Multisanti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109677","article-title":"Micro-and nano-plastics in edible fruit and vegetables. The first diet risks assessment for the general population","volume":"187","author":"Conti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.121304","article-title":"Anthropogenic litter in terrestrial flora and fauna: Is the situation as bad as in the ocean? A field study in Southern Germany on five meadows and 150 ruminants in comparison with marine debris","volume":"323","author":"Meyer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabd5758","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd5758","article-title":"Importance of the pig as a human biomedical model","volume":"13","author":"Lunney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wojtacha, P., Trybowski, W., Podlasz, P., \u017bmigrodzka, M., Tyburski, J., Polak-\u015aliwi\u0144ska, M., Jakimiuk, E., Baku\u0142a, T., Baranowski, M., and \u017buk-Go\u0142aszewska, K. (2021). Effects of a low dose of T-2 toxin on the percentage of T and B lymphocytes and cytokine secretion in the porcine ileal wall. Toxins, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13040277"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000179661","article-title":"The role of cytokines in the regulation of neurotransmission","volume":"16","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di Giovangiulio, M., Verheijden, S., Bosmans, G., Stakenborg, N., Boeckxstaens, G.E., and Matteoli, G. (2015). The neuromodulation of the intestinal immune system and its relevance in inflammatory bowel disease. Front. Immunol., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00590"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maroilley, T., Berri, M., Lemonnier, G., Esquerr\u00e9, D., Chevaleyre, C., M\u00e9lo, S., Meurens, F., Coville, J.L., Leplat, J.J., and Rau, A. (2018). Immunome differences between porcine ileal and jejunal Peyer\u2019s patches revealed by global transcriptome sequencing of gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Sci. Rep., 8.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27019-7"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s13770-023-00543-y","article-title":"Intestinal Peyer\u2019s patches: Structure, function, and in vitro modeling","volume":"20","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-024-00566-w","article-title":"Influence of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastic on selected active substances in the intramural neurons of the porcine duodenum","volume":"21","year":"2024","journal-title":"Part. Fibre Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ga\u0142\u0119cka, I., and Ca\u0142ka, J. (2024). Oral Exposure to Microplastics Affects the Neurochemical Plasticity of Reactive Neurons in the Porcine Jejunum. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16142268"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI76307","article-title":"Building a second brain in the bowel","volume":"125","author":"Avetisyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.12054","article-title":"Building a brain in the gut: Development of the enteric nervous system","volume":"83","author":"Goldstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Genet."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0185(20010101)262:1<71::AID-AR1012>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Outer submucous plexus: An intrinsic nerve network involved in both secretory and motility processes in the intestine of large mammals and humans","volume":"262","author":"Timmermans","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-37","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"7","author":"Lakhan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4186","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46050256","article-title":"Mind over Microplastics: Exploring Microplastic-Induced Gut Disruption and Gut-Brain-Axis Consequences","volume":"46","author":"Sofield","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.122900","article-title":"Biological effects, including oxidative stress and genotoxic damage, of polystyrene nanoparticles in different human hematopoietic cell lines","volume":"398","author":"Rubio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia, R., Han, J., Liu, X., Li, K., Lai, W., Bian, L., Yan, J., and Xi, Z. (2023). Exposure to polypropylene microplastics via oral ingestion induces colonic apoptosis and intestinal barrier damage through oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. Toxics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11020127"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.163480","article-title":"Photoaged microplastics induce neurotoxicity via oxidative stress and abnormal neurotransmission in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio)","volume":"881","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.116028","article-title":"Abundance and morphology of microplastics in an agricultural soil following long-term repeated application of pig manure","volume":"272","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114623","article-title":"Detection of microplastics in domestic and fetal pigs\u2019 lung tissue in natural environment: A preliminary study","volume":"216","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2022.106747","article-title":"The effects of nanoplastics on adipose stromal cells from swine tissues","volume":"81","author":"Basini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Domest. Anim. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23611","article-title":"Polystyrene microplastics induce apoptosis and necroptosis in swine testis cells via ROS\/MAPK\/HIF1\u03b1 pathway","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2021.106611","article-title":"Nanoplastics impair in vitro swine granulosa cell functions","volume":"76","author":"Basini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Domest. Anim. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u0142uciennik, K., Sici\u0144ska, P., Misztal, W., and Bukowska, B. (2024). Important Factors Affecting Induction of Cell Death, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage by Nano-and Microplastic Particles In Vitro. Cells, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13090768"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16638","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c03238","article-title":"Polystyrene Microplastics Causes Diarrhea and Impairs Intestinal Angiogenesis through the ROS\/METTL3 Pathway","volume":"72","author":"Zou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2024.114581","article-title":"Polystyrene microplastics exposure reduces meat quality and disturbs skeletal muscle angiogenesis via thrombospondin 1","volume":"190","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124004","article-title":"Estimation of the mass of microplastics ingested\u2013A pivotal first step towards human health risk assessment","volume":"404","author":"Senathirajah","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2007.04.002","article-title":"Neuroprotection: A comparative view of vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide","volume":"28","author":"Brenneman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2005.12.015","article-title":"CART in the enteric nervous system","volume":"27","author":"Ekblad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0346-0228-0_6","article-title":"Galanin in glia: Expression and potential roles in the CNS","volume":"Volume 102","author":"Butzkueven","year":"2010","journal-title":"Experientia Supplementum"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2214","article-title":"Nitric oxide in the central nervous system: Neuroprotection versus neurotoxicity","volume":"8","author":"Calabrese","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-020-02750-1","article-title":"A novel 3D intestine barrier model to study the immune response upon exposure to microplastics","volume":"94","author":"Lehner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obremski, K., Trybowski, W., Wojtacha, P., Gaj\u0119cka, M., Tyburski, J., and Zielonka, \u0141. (2020). The effect of zearalenone on the cytokine environment, oxidoreductive balance and metabolism in porcine ileal peyer\u2019s patches. Toxins, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12060350"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130543","article-title":"Carboxyl-modified polystyrene microplastics induces neurotoxicity by affecting dopamine, glutamate, serotonin, and GABA neurotransmission in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"445","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120587","article-title":"Adverse effects of polystyrene nanoplastic and its binary mixtures with nonylphenol on zebrafish nervous system: From oxidative stress to impaired neurotransmitter system","volume":"317","author":"Aliakbarzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koz\u0142owska, A., Godlewski, J., and Majewski, M. (2018). Distribution patterns of cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript-and\/or galanin-containing neurons and nerve fibers located in the human stomach wall affected by tumor. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19113357"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2021.106048","article-title":"Effects of pollutants and microplastics ingestion on oxidative stress and monoaminergic activity of seabream brains","volume":"242","author":"Solomando","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez, A., and Barbosa, A. (2024). Chemical reactivity theory to analyze possible toxicity of microplastics: Polyethylene and polyester as examples. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285515"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167010","article-title":"Exosomal miRNA analysis provides new insights into exposure to nanoplastics and okadaic acid","volume":"905","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, B., Yang, J., Song, A., Feng, W., and Guo, Z. (2024). miR-146b-5p Regulates the Enteric Nervous System Development in Hirschsprung Disease via Targeting RET Pathway. Biochem. Genet., 1\u201318.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-024-10852-z"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Windheim, J., Colombo, L., Battajni, N.C., Russo, L., Cagnotto, A., Diomede, L., Bigini, P., Vismara, E., Fiumara, F., and Gabbrielli, S. (2022). Micro-and nanoplastics\u2019 effects on protein folding and amyloidosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810329"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.134800","article-title":"Effects of nanoplastic exposure during pregnancy and lactation on neurodevelopment of rat offspring","volume":"474","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115115","article-title":"Immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity of bisphenol A and microplastics alone or in combination to a bivalve species, Tegillarca granosa","volume":"265","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108523","article-title":"Oxidized\/unmodified-polyethylene microplastics neurotoxicity in mice: Perspective from microbiota-gut-brain axis","volume":"185","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.06.008","article-title":"The Microbiome as a Modifier of Neurodegenerative Disease Risk","volume":"28","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, E.B., and Leung, P.S. (2014). Gastrointestinal Motility, in the Gastrointestinal System: Gastrointestinal, Nutritional and Hepatobiliary Physiology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-8771-0_3"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2022.112904","article-title":"Polystyrene microplastics affect learning and memory in mice by inducing oxidative stress and decreasing the level of acetylcholine","volume":"162","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2003.00437.x","article-title":"Cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript: Distribution and function in rat gastrointestinal tract","volume":"15","author":"Ekblad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-965164","article-title":"CART-peptide immunoreactivity in enteric nerves in patients with Hirschsprung\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Wierup","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ebrahim, A.S., Carion, T.W., Ebrahim, T., Win, J., Kani, H., Wang, Y., Stambersky, A., Ibrahim, A.S., Sosne, G., and Berger, E.A. (2023). A Novel Combination Therapy T\u03b24\/VIP Protects against Hyperglycemia-Induced Changes in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells. Biosensors, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13110974"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s12041-017-0826-3","article-title":"Behavioural genetic differences between Chinese and European pigs","volume":"96","author":"Chu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Genet."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, Y., Kong, F., Xiang, Y., Zhou, W., Wang, J., Yang, H., Zhang, G., and Zhao, J. (2018). Comparative biogeography of the gut microbiome between Jinhua and Landrace pigs. Sci. Rep., 8.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-24289-z"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, Y., Zhang, Y., Lemos, B., and Ren, H. (2017). Tissue accumulation of microplastics in mice and biomarker responses suggest widespread health risks of exposure. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep46687"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Golubczyk, D., Kalkowski, L., Kwiatkowska, J., Zawadzki, M., Holak, P., G\u0142odek, J., Milewska, K., Pomianowski, A., Janowski, M., and Adamiak, Z. (2020). Endovascular model of ischemic stroke in swine guided by real-time MRI. Sci. Rep., 10.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74411-3"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/21\/11645\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:23:45Z","timestamp":1760113425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/21\/11645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms252111645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms252111645","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]}}}