{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:30:59Z","timestamp":1792611059293,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":181,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005969","name":"University of Bologna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BUS24Q7_PATOBIOCLINICA\u2013BUS24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BUS24Q7_PATOBIOCLINICA\u2013BUS24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive disease of the joint. Although representing the most frequent cause of disability in the elderly, OA remains partly obscure in its pathogenic mechanisms and is still the orphan of resolutive therapies. The concept of what was once considered a \u201cwear and tear\u201d of articular cartilage is now that of an inflammation-related disease that affects over time the whole joint. The attention is increasingly focused on the synovium. Even from the earliest clinical stages, synovial inflammation (or synovitis) is a crucial factor involved in OA progression and a major player in pain onset. The release of inflammatory molecules in the synovium mediates disease progression and worsening of clinical features. The activation of synovial tissue-resident cells recalls innate immunity cells from the bloodstream, creating a proinflammatory milieu that fuels and maintains a damaging condition of low-grade inflammation in the joint. In such a context, cellular and molecular inflammatory behaviors in the synovium could be the primum movens of the structural and functional alterations of the whole joint. This paper focuses on and discusses the involvement of innate immunity cells in synovitis and their role in the progression of OA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T03:52:07Z","timestamp":1731297127000},"page":"12082","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Innate Immunity and Synovitis: Key Players in Osteoarthritis Progression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6236-182X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Panichi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Costantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merimma","family":"Grasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0382-0066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla Renata","family":"Arciola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Laboratory of Pathology of Implant Infections, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9341-2703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Dolzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42089","article-title":"Prevalence Trends of Site-Specific Osteoarthritis From 1990 to 2019: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"74","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e496","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00207-2","article-title":"The global burden of osteoarthritis: Past and future perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Wong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2023.10.008","article-title":"Multiple joint osteoarthritis (mjoa): What\u2019s in a name?","volume":"32","author":"Nelson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. 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