{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:29:21Z","timestamp":1790947761254,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":199,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VICTOR BABES UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY TIMISOARA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in placental pathogenesis and pregnancy-related complications. This review explores OS\u2019s impact on placental development and function, focusing on novel biomarkers for the early detection of at-risk pregnancies and emerging therapeutic strategies. We analyzed recent research on OS in placental pathophysiology, examining its sources, mechanisms, and effects. While trophoblast invasion under low-oxygen conditions and hypoxia-induced OS regulate physiological placental development, excessive OS can lead to complications like miscarriage, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Promising OS biomarkers, including malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostane, and the sFlt-1\/PlGF ratio, show potential for the early detection of pregnancy complications. Therapeutic strategies targeting OS, such as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, Nrf2 activators, and gasotransmitter therapies, demonstrate encouraging preclinical results. However, clinical translation remains challenging. Future research should focus on validating these biomarkers in large-scale studies and developing personalized therapies to modulate placental OS. Emerging approaches like extracellular vesicle-based therapies and nanomedicine warrant further investigation for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications in pregnancy-related complications. Integrating OS biomarkers with other molecular and cellular markers offers improved potential for the early identification of at-risk pregnancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T09:59:11Z","timestamp":1731491951000},"page":"12195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Oxidative Stress and Placental Pathogenesis: A Contemporary Overview of Potential Biomarkers and Emerging Therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ioana","family":"Vornic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, Department Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldi\u0219\u201d Western University of Arad, Liviu Rebreanu Street, No. 86, 310414 Arad, Romania"},{"name":"Discipline of Gynecology, Department Medicine, Vasile Goldi\u015f Western University, Liviu Rebreanu Boulevard, No. 86, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Buciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7158-2579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian George","family":"Furau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Gynecology, Department Medicine, Vasile Goldi\u015f Western University, Liviu Rebreanu Boulevard, No. 86, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pusa Nela","family":"Gaje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0067-8247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raluca Amalia","family":"Ceausu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8933-3060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina-Stefania","family":"Dumitru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina Cristina","family":"Barb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2520-7636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorin","family":"Novacescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alin Adrian","family":"Cumpanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XV, Discipline of Urology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silviu Constantin","family":"Latcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department XV, Discipline of Urology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6567-4407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Talida Georgiana","family":"Cut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5755-179X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Zara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department II of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. 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