{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T16:22:50Z","timestamp":1786551770191,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The P-Element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) group of proteins plays a key role in RNA interference, particularly in the regulation of small non-coding RNAs. However, in recent years, PIWIs have gained attention in several diseases, mainly cancer. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate current knowledge about the impact of PIWI proteins on cancer cells. PIWIs alter a number of pathways within cells, resulting in significant changes in cell behavior. Basic processes of cancer cells have been shown to be altered by either overexpression or inhibition of PIWIs. Regulation of apoptosis, metastasis, invasion, or proliferation of cancerous cells by these proteins proves their involvement in the progression of the malignancy. It has been revealed that PIWIs are also connected with cancer stem cells (CSCs), which proves their ability to become a therapeutic target. However, research on this topic is still fairly limited, and with significant differences between cancer types, it is necessary to refrain from making any decisive conclusions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T04:15:49Z","timestamp":1731557749000},"page":"12217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mechanisms Behind the Impact of PIWI Proteins on Cancer Cells: Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0323-4357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Liman\u00f3wka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u0142a\u017cej","family":"Ochman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"\u015awi\u0119tochowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1026102","article-title":"The Argonaute Family: Tentacles That Reach into RNAi, Developmental Control, Stem Cell Maintenance, and Tumorigenesis","volume":"16","author":"Carmell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.12.2463","article-title":"A Novel Group of Pumilio Mutations Affects the Asymmetric Division of Germline Stem Cells in the Drosophila Ovary","volume":"124","author":"Lin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3715","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.23.3715","article-title":"A Novel Class of Evolutionarily Conserved Genes Defined by Piwi Are Essential for Stem Cell Self-Renewal","volume":"12","author":"Cox","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(00)01641-8","article-title":"Domains in Gene Silencing and Cell Differentiation Proteins: The Novel PAZ Domain and Redefinition of the Piwi Domain","volume":"25","author":"Cerutti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. 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