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In most cases, HSV-1 causes non-life-threatening skin damage in adults. However, in patients with compromised immune systems, it can cause serious diseases, including death. The situation is further complicated by the emergence of strains that are resistant to both traditional and novel antiviral drugs. It is, therefore, imperative that new methods of combating HSV-1 and other herpesviruses be developed without delay. CRISPR\/Cas systems may prove an effective means of controlling herpesvirus infections. This review presents the current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of HSV-1 infection and discusses four potential applications of CRISPR\/Cas systems in the fight against HSV-1 infections. These include the search for viral and cellular genes that may serve as effective targets, the optimization of anti-HSV-1 activity of CRISPR\/Cas systems in vivo, the development of CRISPR\/Cas-based HSV-1 diagnostics, and the validation of HSV-1 drug resistance mutations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T04:07:09Z","timestamp":1731902829000},"page":"12346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Control of HSV-1 Infection: Directions for the Development of CRISPR\/Cas-Based Therapeutics and Diagnostics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Anastasiia O.","family":"Sosnovtseva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1961-9789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Demidova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.F. Gamaleya National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Gamaleya Str., 18, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4147-8444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina R.","family":"Klimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.F. Gamaleya National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Gamaleya Str., 18, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5565-1331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxim A.","family":"Kovalev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3396-5533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alla A.","family":"Kushch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.F. Gamaleya National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Gamaleya Str., 18, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2183-0858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizaveta S.","family":"Starodubova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2260-6551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia A.","family":"Latanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5203-0787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry S.","family":"Karpov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.06.036","article-title":"Redefining chronic viral infection","volume":"138","author":"Virgin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2018.10.002","article-title":"Pathogenesis of herpes simplex keratitis: The host cell response and ocular surface sequelae to infection and inflammation","volume":"17","author":"Lobo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ocul. 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