{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T10:55:10Z","timestamp":1778324110759,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea government (MSIT)","award":["2022R1A2C2008149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A2C2008149"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (MSIT)","award":["22A0104L1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A0104L1"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (MSIT)","award":["2023RIS-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023RIS-008"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Health and Welfare)","award":["2022R1A2C2008149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A2C2008149"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Health and Welfare)","award":["22A0104L1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A0104L1"]}]},{"name":"Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Health and Welfare)","award":["2023RIS-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023RIS-008"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE)","award":["2022R1A2C2008149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A2C2008149"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE)","award":["22A0104L1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A0104L1"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE)","award":["2023RIS-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023RIS-008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent clinical outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, along with the emergence of unwanted microorganisms in industrial settings, have significantly reduced efficiency. Graphene has recently attracted significant attention as a potential antimicrobial agent because of its low toxicity, ease of production and functionalization, and high solubility in water. The presence of oxygen functional groups allows the interaction of the compound with bacteria and other biomolecules, making it an interesting candidate for antimicrobial therapy. Moreover, integrating graphene into copper coatings has been shown to enhance their antimicrobial properties. However, the implementation of copper\u2013graphene composite coatings is currently limited by the difficulty of uniformly distributing graphene within the copper matrix. Copper (Cu)-doped graphitic nanoplatelets (CuGnPs), one option to overcome this challenge, are made via a mechanochemical reaction between solid graphite and Cu powder. The configuration of C\u2013Cu bonds within CuGnPs can be identified using a range of analytical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the Cu-GnPs, we employed Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. Various amounts (250, 500, 750, and 1000 \u03bcg\/mL) of prepared CuGnP samples were incubated in a bacterial suspension for 3 or 6 h at 150 rpm and 37 \u00b0C for a colony-forming unit assay. Three hours and six hours of treatment of the bacteria with CuGnPs led to a significant difference in bacterial survival compared with that of the control. It was observed that CuGnPs, with copper bound to graphene oxide, more effectively inhibited the proliferation of E. coli compared with nanoplatelets containing graphene oxide alone. These findings suggest that the unique properties of CuGnPs, such as C\u2013Cu bonds, high surface area, and the coexistence of micropores and mesopores, are valuable for exerting strong antimicrobial effects making CuGnPs effective at preventing bacterial colonization on industrial surfaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T06:06:54Z","timestamp":1731996414000},"page":"12414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characterization of Antimicrobial Properties of Copper-Doped Graphitic Nanoplatelets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jun-Kyu","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seo Jeong","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0716-1507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honghyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Bio and Healthcare Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797, Changwon-daero, Seongsan-gu, Changwon-si 51508, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung-Jae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Mechanical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7431-7325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaehoon","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Covalent Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1694-0446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In-Yup","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Nanoscale Sciences and Technology Institute, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"So-Jung","family":"Gwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"MECHABIO Group, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, H., Li, L., Li, Z., and Chu, X. 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