{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T04:21:07Z","timestamp":1791865267745,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review explores recent advancements in gene therapy as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on intervention mechanisms, administration routes, and associated limitations. Following the PRISMA procedure guidelines, we systematically analyzed studies published since 2020 using the PICO framework to derive reliable conclusions. The efficacy of various gene therapies was evaluated for Parkinson\u2019s disease (n = 12), spinal muscular atrophy (n = 8), Huntington\u2019s disease (n = 3), Alzheimer\u2019s disease (n = 3), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 6). For each condition, we assessed the therapeutic approach, curative or disease-modifying potential, delivery methods, advantages, drawbacks, and side effects. Results indicate that gene therapies targeting specific genes are particularly effective in monogenic disorders, with promising clinical outcomes expected in the near future. In contrast, in polygenic diseases, therapies primarily aim to promote cell survival. A major challenge remains: the translation of animal model success to human clinical application. Additionally, while intracerebral delivery methods enhance therapeutic efficacy, they are highly invasive. Despite these hurdles, gene therapy represents a promising frontier in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, underscoring the need for continued research to refine and personalize treatments for each condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T04:46:11Z","timestamp":1732164371000},"page":"12485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Advances and Challenges in Gene Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6311-4953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nerea","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Le\u00f3n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1577-0510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime","family":"Gon\u00e7alves-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Le\u00f3n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cellular Biology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8972-6822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"G\u00f3mez-Nieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Le\u00f3n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cellular Biology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7433-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas M.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves-Estella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1450-7246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dolores E.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Le\u00f3n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cellular Biology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2022.2066471","article-title":"Onasemnogene abeparvovec for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy","volume":"22","author":"McMillan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert. 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