{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T20:30:28Z","timestamp":1776544228059,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["OMRPG8G0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OMRPG8G0011"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["VGHKS108-088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VGHKS108-088"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011913","name":"Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OMRPG8G0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OMRPG8G0011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011913","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011913","name":"Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VGHKS108-088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VGHKS108-088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011913","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Considerable studies have demonstrated that osteoarthritis (OA) is a risk factor for dementia. The precise mechanisms underlying the association between OA and increased risk for cognitive dysfunction, however, remain unclear. This study aimed at exploring the associations between pro-inflammatory cytokines\/chemokines, biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), pain intensity, and cognitive decline in knee joint OA patients. A total of 50 patients (26 in OA group and 24 in non-OA control group) were enrolled in this prospective, observational study. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain intensity and Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) score for cognitive functions were examined in both groups. The plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of pro-inflammatory molecules (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, fractalkine, BDNF, MCP-1, and TGF-\u03b2), as well as biomarkers of AD (A\u03b240, A\u03b242, total-tau, and phospho-tau), were measured by multiplex immunoassay. Correlations among plasma or CSF biomarkers and questionnaire scores were assessed using Pearson\u2019s correlation coefficient and simple linear regressions. There were more patients in the OA group whose CASI cutoff percentiles were &lt;P5 or at P5 than in the control group. VAS pain scores were negatively correlated with cognitive domains, including total score, short term memory, attention, mental manipulation, abstract thinking, and judgment, of the CASI score. VAS scores were positively correlated with fractalkine, A\u03b240, and A\u03b242 in CSF of OA patients. The CSF levels of A\u03b240 and A\u03b242 in OA patients were negatively correlated with attention and abstract scores in CASI. The findings of this study suggest that knee OA is associated with poor cognitive performance, and this association is particularly pronounced in OA patients with chronic pain. Higher levels of brain AD biomarkers, such as A\u03b240 and A\u03b242, may partially mediate this relationship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T12:07:32Z","timestamp":1732277252000},"page":"12575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Brain Amyloid-\u03b2 Peptide Is Associated with Pain Intensity and Cognitive Dysfunction in Osteoarthritic Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7794-6377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Hsien","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 82144, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 912009, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0626-5037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong-Yo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie Y.H.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1109084","article-title":"Alleviating suffering 101\u2014Pain relief in the United States","volume":"366","author":"Pizzo","year":"2012","journal-title":"N. 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