{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:00:42Z","timestamp":1787061642027,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funds for Statutory Activity of Medical University of Lublin, Poland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the close and clinically confirmed association between depression and overactive bladder, it remains unclear whether this affective disorder is a factor causing overactive bladder or whether overactive bladder is a specific symptom of psychosomatic disorders. This study examined the effects of repeated corticosterone administration on the occurrence of symptoms associated with depression and overactive bladder. Additionally, we examined whether administering TC-G 1008, an antidepressant that selectively activates the GPR39 receptor, could alleviate corticosterone-induced depression-like behavior and detrusor overactivity-related changes in cystometric measurements. We also explored its potential to reverse alterations in various biomarkers associated with both conditions in the serum, urinary bladder, and brain of female rats. The administration of corticosterone (20 mg\/kg\/day for 14 days) yielded anticipated results, including an increase in the duration of immobility during the forced swim test, alterations in parameters specific to bladder overactivity, a decrease in neurotrophins, and an elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Treatment with TC-G 1008 (15 mg\/kg\/day) alleviated symptoms of both detrusor overactivity and depression, while also restoring the levels of biochemical and cystometric markers to normal ranges. Additionally, antidepressants based on GPR39 agonists could enhance the levels of kynurenic acid in the neuroprotective pathway. These results indicate that the GPR39 agonist receptor might be a promising future therapeutic approach for treating overactive bladder that occurs alongside depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T03:59:01Z","timestamp":1732507141000},"page":"12630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The GPR39 Receptor Plays an Important Role in the Pathogenesis of Overactive Bladder and Corticosterone-Induced Depression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4168-9410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Wr\u00f3bel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6351-9772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Iwaniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5873-9666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Dobrowolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miros\u0142awa","family":"Chwil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka St., 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1154-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Sadok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantyn\u00f3w 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4798-3986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kluz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7011-2345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Wdowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 4-6 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3171-225X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Bojar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s Health, Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 2 St., 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4359-3953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Poleszak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chod\u017aki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Misiek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Center, 25-377 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7340-280X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Zapa\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of General, Oncological and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2704-528X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Urba\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5772-0573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Wr\u00f3bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000309","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Overactive Bladder (Non-Neurogenic) in Adults: AUA\/SUFU Guideline Amendment 2019","volume":"202","author":"Lightner","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Review of the Epidemiology of Overactive Bladder","volume":"8","author":"Eapen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res. Rep. Urol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.21240","article-title":"Brain Activity Underlying Impaired Continence Control in Older Women with Overactive Bladder","volume":"31","author":"Tadic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2019.02.038","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review of Overactive Bladder Pathophysiology: On the Way to Tailored Treatment","volume":"75","author":"Peyronnet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"875","article-title":"Major Depressive Disorder: Mechanism-Based Prescribing for Personalized Medicine","volume":"11","author":"Saltiel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4002075","article-title":"Is It Time to Reassess the BDNF Hypothesis of Depression?","volume":"12","author":"Groves","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2015.03.003","article-title":"An Excitatory Synapse Hypothesis of Depression","volume":"38","author":"Thompson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inserra, A., Rogers, G.B., Licinio, J., and Wong, M.-L. (2018). The Microbiota-Inflammasome Hypothesis of Major Depression. BioEssays, 40.","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.201800027"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.07.036","article-title":"Towards a Glutamate Hypothesis of Depression: An Emerging Frontier of Neuropsychopharmacology for Mood Disorders","volume":"62","author":"Sanacora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2009.09.002","article-title":"Glutamate-Based Antidepressants: 20 Years On","volume":"30","author":"Skolnick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2015.04.003","article-title":"Up-Regulation of the GPR39 Zn2+-Sensing Receptor and CREB\/BDNF\/TrkB Pathway after Chronic but Not Acute Antidepressant Treatment in the Frontal Cortex of Zinc-Deficient Mice","volume":"67","author":"Nowak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.05.008","article-title":"Zinc in Depression: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"74","author":"Swardfager","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.04.024","article-title":"Serum Zinc Level in Depressed Patients during Zinc Supplementation of Imipramine Treatment","volume":"126","author":"Siwek","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2008.09.006","article-title":"Interaction of Zinc with Antidepressants in the Tail Suspension Test","volume":"32","author":"Cunha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-009-0412-y","article-title":"The Involvement of NMDA and AMPA Receptors in the Mechanism of Antidepressant-like Action of Zinc in the Forced Swim Test","volume":"39","author":"Szewczyk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0933","article-title":"GPR39 Signaling Is Stimulated by Zinc Ions but Not by Obestatin","volume":"148","author":"Holst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2015.04.005","article-title":"Investigation of the GPR39 Zinc Receptor Following Inhibition of Monoaminergic Neurotransmission and Potentialization of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission","volume":"115","author":"Librowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.07.019","article-title":"GI Functions of GPR39: Novel Biology","volume":"12","author":"Depoortere","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000215779.76602.93","article-title":"GPR39 Receptor Expression in the Mouse Brain","volume":"17","author":"Jackson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.12.001","article-title":"The Involvement of the GPR39-Zn(2+)-Sensing Receptor in the Pathophysiology of Depression. Studies in Rodent Models and Suicide Victims","volume":"79","author":"Doboszewska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.03.053","article-title":"Study of Antidepressant Drugs in GPR39 (Zinc Receptor\u2212\/\u2212) Knockout Mice, Showing No Effect of Conventional Antidepressants, but Effectiveness of NMDA Antagonists","volume":"287","author":"Nowak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.06.002","article-title":"The Bidirectional Relationship of Depression and Inflammation: Double Trouble","volume":"107","author":"Beurel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.07.037","article-title":"Anxiety and Depression in COVID-19 Survivors: Role of Inflammatory and Clinical Predictors","volume":"89","author":"Mazza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iwaniak, P., Owe-Larsson, M., and Urba\u0144ska, E.M. (2024). Microbiota, Tryptophan and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors as the Target Triad in Parkinson\u2019s Disease-a Narrative Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052915"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13768","article-title":"Urba\u0144ska Kynurenic Acid in Neurodegenerative Disorders\u2014Unique Neuroprotection or Double-Edged Sword?","volume":"28","author":"Ostapiuk","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(00)00156-2","article-title":"Endogenous Neurotoxins from Tryptophan","volume":"39","author":"Stone","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(02)01851-4","article-title":"The Pharmacological Manipulation of Glutamate Receptors and Neuroprotection","volume":"447","author":"Stone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14720","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and Depression: A Review","volume":"53","author":"Troubat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.11.019","article-title":"Affective Symptoms and the Overactive Bladder\u2014A Systematic Review","volume":"78","author":"Vrijens","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-016-0179-x","article-title":"The Relationship between Depression and Overactive Bladder\/Urinary Incontinence Symptoms in the Clinical OAB Population","volume":"16","author":"Lai","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Urol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.1732652.326","article-title":"Evaluation of Overactive Bladder in Male Antidepressant Users: A Prospective Study","volume":"21","author":"Solmaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wr\u00f3bel, A., Juszczak, K., Adamowicz, J., Drewa, T., and Dudka, J. (2020). The Influence of Potentilla Chinensis Aqueous Extract on Urinary Bladder Function in Retinyl Acetate-Induced Detrusor Overactivity in Rats. Biomed. Pharmacother., 132.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110861"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105329","article-title":"Stimulation of Atypical Cannabinoid Receptor GPR55 Abolishes the Symptoms of Detrusor Overactivity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats","volume":"150","author":"Serefko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iwaniak, P., Dobrowolski, P., Wr\u00f3bel, J., Kluz, T., Wdowiak, A., Bojar, I., Stangel-W\u00f3jcikiewicz, K., Poleszak, E., Jakimiuk, A., and Misiek, M. (2023). The Assessment of the Efficacy of Imperatorin in Reducing Overactive Bladder Symptoms. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115793"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"7913","article-title":"GPR39 Marks Specific Cells within the Sebaceous Gland and Contributes to Skin Wound Healing","volume":"5","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.10.038","article-title":"An Agonist of a Zinc-Sensing Receptor GPR39 Enhances Tight Junction Assembly in Intestinal Epithelial Cells via an AMPK-Dependent Mechanism","volume":"842","author":"Pongkorpsakol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.11.003","article-title":"Long-Lasting Antidepressant-like Activity of the GPR39 Zinc Receptor Agonist TC-G 1008","volume":"245","author":"Starowicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.07.045","article-title":"G Protein-Coupled Receptor 39 Plays an Anti-Inflammatory Role by Enhancing IL-10 Production from Macrophages under Inflammatory Conditions","volume":"834","author":"Muneoka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.172663","article-title":"The Protective Effects of the GPR39 Agonist TC-G 1008 against TNF-\u03b1-Induced Inflammation in Human Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes (FLSs)","volume":"865","author":"Jing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.172451","article-title":"Activation of GPR39 with the Agonist TC-G 1008 Ameliorates Ox-LDL-Induced Attachment of Monocytes to Endothelial Cells","volume":"858","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12214","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12214","article-title":"GPR39 Localization in the Aging Human Brain and Correlation of Expression and Polymorphism with Vascular Cognitive Impairment","volume":"7","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/15257770.2021.2002892","article-title":"Expression Profiles of GPR21, GPR39, GPR135, and GPR153 Orphan Receptors in Different Cancers","volume":"41","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7074","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704323200","article-title":"The Constitutively Active Orphan G-Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR39 Protects from Cell Death by Increasing Secretion of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Growth Factor","volume":"283","author":"Dittmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.137","article-title":"GPR39 Protects against Corticosterone-Induced Neuronal Injury in Hippocampal Cells through the CREB-BDNF Signaling Pathway","volume":"272","author":"Mo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-020-01025-8","article-title":"Concurrent Akt, ERK1\/2 and AMPK Activation by Obestatin Inhibits Apoptotic Signaling Cascades on Nutrient-Deprived PC12 Cells","volume":"42","author":"Relova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-023-04766-z","article-title":"TC-G 1008 Facilitates Epileptogenesis by Acting Selectively at the GPR39 Receptor but Non-Selectively Activates CREB in the Hippocampus of Pentylenetetrazole-Kindled Mice","volume":"80","author":"Doboszewska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01088-X","article-title":"Glucocorticoid Receptors in Major Depression: Relevance to Pathophysiology and Treatment","volume":"49","author":"Pariante","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)04162-8","article-title":"Effects of Chronic Stress on Dendritic Arborization in the Central and Extended Amygdala","volume":"965","author":"Vyas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2004.05.013","article-title":"Effect of Repeated Corticosterone Injections and Restraint Stress on Anxiety and Depression-like Behavior in Male Rats","volume":"156","author":"Gregus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wr\u00f3bel, A., Serefko, A., Wo\u017aniak, A., Kociszewski, J., Szopa, A., Wi\u015bniewski, R., and Poleszak, E. (2020). Duloxetine Reverses the Symptoms of Overactive Bladder Co-Existing with Depression via the Central Pathways. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 189.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2019.172842"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23506","article-title":"Is There \u201cBrain OAB\u201d and How Can We Recognize It? International Consultation on Incontinence-Research Society (ICI-RS) 2017","volume":"37","author":"Apostolidis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.07.006","article-title":"Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Rat\u2019s Brain and Spleen Exposed to Chronic Mild Stress: Involvement in Depression","volume":"225","author":"You","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2018.1527328","article-title":"Direct and Indirect Evidences of BDNF and NGF as Key Modulators in Depression: Role of Antidepressants Treatment","volume":"129","author":"Mondal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Piotrowska, A., M\u0142yniec, K., Siwek, A., Dyba\u0142a, M., and Nowak, G. (2009, January 10). Evaluation of Antidepressant NA\/5-HT Profile of Cr III in the FST in Rats. Proceedings of the XVIII International Symposium of the Polish Network of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Cracow, Poland."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11010078","article-title":"Suicide and Neurotrophin Factors: A Systematic Review of the Correlation between BDNF and GDNF and Self-Killing","volume":"11","author":"Bosco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.06.033","article-title":"Serum BDNF as a Peripheral Biomarker of Treatment-Resistant Depression and the Rapid Antidepressant Response: A Comparison of Ketamine and ECT","volume":"186","author":"Allen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2009.11.014","article-title":"Increased Stress Reactivity Is Associated with Cognitive Deficits and Decreased Hippocampal Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in a Mouse Model of Affective Disorders","volume":"44","author":"Knapman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22438","article-title":"Neurotrophins in Bladder Function: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go from Here?","volume":"33","author":"Cruz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.07.010","article-title":"SN003, a CRF1 Receptor Antagonist, Attenuates Depressive-like Behavior and Detrusor Overactivity Symptoms Induced by 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid in Rats","volume":"812","author":"Doboszewska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38976-0","article-title":"Doxepin in the Treatment of Female Detrusor Overactivity: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Study","volume":"142","author":"Lose","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2015.04.006","article-title":"A New Model of Detrusor Overactivity in Conscious Rats Induced by Retinyl Acetate Instillation","volume":"74","author":"Rechberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"580","article-title":"The Effect of Combined Treatment with a \u03923AR Agonist and a ROCK Inhibitor on Detrusor Overactivity","volume":"36","author":"Rechberger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-018-9948-5","article-title":"Blebbistatin, a Myosin II Inhibitor, Exerts Antidepressant-like Activity and Suppresses Detrusor Overactivity in an Animal Model of Depression Coexisting with Overactive Bladde","volume":"35","author":"Doboszewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.11.014","article-title":"Widespread Tissue Distribution and Diverse Functions of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Related Peptides","volume":"146","author":"Boorse","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001650404","article-title":"Immunocytochemical Localization of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) in the Rat Brain","volume":"165","author":"Merchenthaler","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Anat."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.203","article-title":"The Bladder\u2013Brain Connection: Putative Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor","volume":"8","author":"Valentino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(89)90183-2","article-title":"Elevated CSF CRF in Suicide Victims","volume":"25","author":"Bissette","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6334362","article-title":"Elevated Concentrations of CSF Corticotropin-Releasing Factor-like Immunoreactivity in Depressed Patients","volume":"226","author":"Nemeroff","year":"1984","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banki, C.M., Bissette, G., Nemeroff, C.B., and Arat\u00f3, M. (1988). Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Depression and Suicide. Current Issues of Suicidology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-73358-1_34"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1996.tb15114.x","article-title":"Postmortem and Cerebrospinal Fluid Studies of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Humans","volume":"780","author":"Hartline","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.200600021","article-title":"The Role of the HPA Axis in Psychiatric Disorders and CRF Antagonists as Potential Treatments","volume":"339","author":"Keller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Chem. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2022.113973","article-title":"Effects of RhoA on Depression-like Behavior in Prenatally Stressed Offspring Rats","volume":"432","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2009.01249.x","article-title":"Vardenafil Modulates Bladder Contractility through CGMP-Mediated Inhibition of RhoA\/Rho Kinase Signaling Pathway in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats","volume":"6","author":"Morelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Sex. Med."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zapa\u0142a, \u0141., Niemczyk, G., Zapa\u0142a, P., Wdowiak, A., Bojar, I., Kluz, T., Szopa, A., Serefko, A., Radziszewski, P., and Wr\u00f3bel, A. (2023). The Cannabinoid Ligand Arachidonyl-2\u2032-Chloroethylamide (ACEA) Ameliorates Depressive and Overactive Bladder Symptoms in a Corticosterone-Induced Female Wistar Rat Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043820"},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"321","article-title":"Urodynamic Investigation of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Overactive Bladder in Conscious Rats","volume":"125","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.01.051","article-title":"Minimal Effective Dose of Dysport and Botox in a Rat Model of Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity","volume":"61","author":"Oger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2016.10.003","article-title":"Distribution and Sub-Types of Afferent Fibre in the Mouse Urinary Bladder","volume":"79","author":"Biallosterski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Chem. Neuroanat."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05268.x","article-title":"Inhibitory Actions of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Capsaicin: Evidence for Local Axonal Reflexes in the Bladder Wall","volume":"95","author":"Gillespie","year":"2005","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"37","article-title":"Distribution and Colocalization of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Tachykinins, and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Normal and Idiopathic Unstable Human Urinary Bladder","volume":"77","author":"Smet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09650.x","article-title":"The Role of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Superfamily of Cation-Selective Channels in the Management of the Overactive Bladder","volume":"106","author":"Andersson","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2008.03.044","article-title":"Functional and Immunohistochemical Characterization of CB1 and CB2 Receptors in Rat Bladder","volume":"72","author":"Hayn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.02.010","article-title":"Non-Neuronal Acetylcholine and Urinary Bladder Urothelium","volume":"80","author":"Beckel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2003.06.005","article-title":"Naloxone Potentiates Treadmill Running-Induced Increase in c-Fos Expression in Rat Hippocampus","volume":"73","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rao, Y., Gao, Z., Li, X., Li, X., Li, J., Liang, S., Li, D., Zhai, J., Yan, J., and Yao, J. (2022). Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray Neurons Are Active during Urination. Front. Cell. Neurosci., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2022.865186"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s13765-012-2035-3","article-title":"The Protective Activity of Linear Furanocoumarins from Angelica Dahurica against Glucose-Mediated Protein Damage","volume":"55","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.11.053","article-title":"Induction of Inflammatory Cytokines and Alteration of Urothelial ATP, Acetylcholine and Prostaglandin E2 Release by Doxorubicin","volume":"700","author":"Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.02.014","article-title":"The ATP Level in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Regulates Depressive-like Behavior via the Medial Prefrontal Cortex-Lateral Habenula Pathway","volume":"92","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2012.04.019","article-title":"Risk Factors for New-Onset Overactive Bladder in Older Subjects: Results of the Fujiwara-Kyo Study","volume":"80","author":"Hirayama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-020-02205-9","article-title":"Serum Copper and Zinc Levels and Urinary Incontinence in Adult Women","volume":"199","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2010.08.010","article-title":"Zinc-Suppressed Inflammatory Cytokines by Induction of A20-Mediated Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-\u039aB","volume":"27","author":"Prasad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28836","article-title":"Zinc Decreases C-Reactive Protein, Lipid Peroxidation, and Inflammatory Cytokines in Elderly Subjects: A Potential Implication of Zinc as an Atheroprotective Agent","volume":"91","author":"Bao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2006.03.083","article-title":"Bladder Defense Molecules, Urothelial Differentiation, Urinary Biomarkers, and Interstitial Cystitis","volume":"69","author":"Hurst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"171","article-title":"Associations of Depression with C-Reactive Protein, IL-1, and IL-6: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"71","author":"Howren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.04.021","article-title":"Cytokine Levels in Depressed and Non-Depressed Subjects, and Masking Effects of Obesity","volume":"55","author":"Schmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26069","article-title":"Gut Microbiota Are Related to Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Clinical Phenotype","volume":"30","author":"Scheperjans","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dodiya, H.B., Forsyth, C.B., Voigt, R.M., Engen, P.A., Patel, J., Shaikh, M., Green, S.J., Naqib, A., Roy, A., and Kordower, J.H. (2020). Chronic Stress-Induced Gut Dysfunction Exacerbates Parkinson\u2019s Disease Phenotype and Pathology in a Rotenone-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease. Neurobiol. Dis., 135.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.12.012"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-87","article-title":"Intracerebroventricular Administration of Lipopolysaccharide Induces Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase-Dependent Depression-like Behaviors","volume":"10","author":"Lawson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.07.012","article-title":"A Role for Inflammatory Metabolites as Modulators of the Glutamate N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor in Depression and Suicidality","volume":"43","author":"Linderholm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03460.x","article-title":"Blood-Brain Barrier Transport of Kynurenines: Implications for Brain Synthesis and Metabolism","volume":"56","author":"Fukui","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.71","article-title":"NMDA Receptor Blockade by Ketamine Abrogates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-like Behavior in C57BL\/6J Mice","volume":"38","author":"Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.04.001","article-title":"The Gut Microbiota: Emerging Evidence in Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4002148","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-like Behavior Is Mediated by Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activation in Mice","volume":"14","author":"Lawson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.11.003","article-title":"Relationship between Neurotoxic Kynurenine Metabolites and Reductions in Right Medial Prefrontal Cortical Thickness in Major Depressive Disorder","volume":"53","author":"Meier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.02.007","article-title":"Reduction of Kynurenic Acid to Quinolinic Acid Ratio in Both the Depressed and Remitted Phases of Major Depressive Disorder","volume":"46","author":"Savitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-8-94","article-title":"Severe Depression Is Associated with Increased Microglial Quinolinic Acid in Subregions of the Anterior Cingulate Gyrus: Evidence for an Immune-Modulated Glutamatergic Neurotransmission?","volume":"8","author":"Steiner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01583-7","article-title":"M1 Acetylcholine Receptors in Somatostatin Interneurons Contribute to GABAergic and Glutamatergic Plasticity in the MPFC and Antidepressant-like Responses","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000154345.87935.a4","article-title":"A Method for Producing Overactive Bladder in the Rat and Investigation of the Effects of GABAergic Receptor Agonists and Glutamatergic Receptor Antagonists on the Cystometrogram","volume":"173","author":"Kontani","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22455","article-title":"Central Nervous Targets for the Treatment of Bladder Dysfunction","volume":"33","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-016-3027-3","article-title":"Fourteen-Day Administration of Corticosterone May Induce Detrusor Overactivity Symptoms","volume":"27","author":"Serefko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-023-00478-0","article-title":"The Role of GPR39 Zinc Receptor in the Modulation of Glutamatergic and GABAergic Transmission","volume":"75","author":"Starowicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.08.027","article-title":"Inhibition of Rho Kinase by GSK 269962 Reverses Both Corticosterone-Induced Detrusor Overactivity and Depression-like Behaviour in Rats","volume":"837","author":"Serefko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_112","unstructured":"Paxinos, G., and Watson, C. (2008). The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, Elsevier. Compact Si."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-9781(89)90167-8","article-title":"Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Release from in Vitro Superfused and Incubated Rat Hypothalamus. Effect of Potassium, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine","volume":"10","author":"Joanny","year":"1989","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2012.16.1.13","article-title":"Effects of Tamsulosin on Urinary Bladder Function and Neuronal Activity in the Voiding Centers of Rats with Cyclophosphamide-Induced Overactive Bladder","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"327","article-title":"Behavioral Despair in Mice: A Primary Screening Test for Antidepressants","volume":"229","author":"Porsolt","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26178267","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000}}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/23\/12630\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T10:36:05Z","timestamp":1756204565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/23\/12630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms252312630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms252312630","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]}}}