{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:37:25Z","timestamp":1760146645801,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 HL098967","R44DK139817-01","R01 DK135407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL098967","R44DK139817-01","R01 DK135407"]}]},{"name":"Minnesota Regenerative Medicine","award":["R01 HL098967","R44DK139817-01","R01 DK135407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL098967","R44DK139817-01","R01 DK135407"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 10% of the world\u2019s population. Hemodialysis, along with peritoneal dialysis and renal transplant, is one of the renal replacement therapies offered to patients with CKD\/end-stage renal disease (ESRD). To proceed with hemodialysis, vascular access is required. The two means of long-term access are arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and arteriovenous graft (AVG). Multiple therapies have been created to help the long-term patency of AVFs. These therapies are needed as 40% of AVFs fail within the first year and additional intervention is required. Much of the existing research has focused on biomarkers, immune cells, hypoxia, and cell-based therapies. Regeneration therapy using mesenchymal stem cells seeks to investigate other ways that we can treat AVF failure. Mesenchymal stem cells are harvested as two main types, fetal and adult. Fetal cells are harvested at different times in fetal gestation and from multiple sources, placental blood, Whartons jelly, and amniotic stem cell fluid. Taken together, this review summarizes the different preclinical\/clinical studies conducted using different types of MSCs towards vascular regenerative medicine and further highlights its potential to be a suitable alternative approach to enhance AVF patency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T04:20:12Z","timestamp":1732681212000},"page":"12719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advancements in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Enhancing Arteriovenous Fistula Patency"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0148-6650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaurav","family":"Baranwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1433-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haseeb","family":"Mukhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0129-0075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaura","family":"Lemieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular and Interventional Radiology Translational Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group (2024). 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