{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:45:00Z","timestamp":1793727900060,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":203,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anemia and mineral and bone disorder (MBD) are significant complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The erythropoietin (Epo) pathway plays a key role in both of these processes in CKD. Another molecule that plays an important role in CKD-MBD is fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23, whose main role is to maintain serum phosphate levels in the normal range, acting via its co-receptor Klotho; however, its activity may also be related to anemia and inflammation. In this review, the regulation of Epo and FGF-23 and the molecular mechanisms of their action are outlined. Furthermore, the complex interaction between EPO and FGF-23 is discussed, as well as their association with other anemia-related factors and processes such as Klotho, vitamin D, and iron deficiency. Together, these may be part of a \u201ckidney\u2013bone marrow\u2013bone axis\u201d that promotes CKD-MBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T02:57:08Z","timestamp":1732849028000},"page":"12838","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Anemia and Mineral Bone Disorder in Kidney Disease Patients: The Role of FGF-23 and Other Related Factors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nazareno","family":"Carullo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cG. Jazzolino\u201d Hospital, A.S.P. Vibo Valentia, I89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sorbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Bortolo Hospital, ULSS 8 Berica, I36100 Vicenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Faga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Zicarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amantea Outpatient Clinic, A.S.P. Cosenza, I87032 Amantea, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9199-8755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1011-9844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Ielapi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, I00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3947-1814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuri","family":"Battaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Verona, I37129 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, I80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8000-0681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Coppolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3032-245X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Bolignano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashour","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4477-7412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7974-3792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Andreucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, I88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1159\/000356193","article-title":"Physiology and pharmacology of erythropoietin","volume":"40","author":"Jelkmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transfus. 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