{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T20:07:14Z","timestamp":1784318834385,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22-15-00424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-15-00424"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of different phenotypes of coronary artery (CA) lesions is regulated via many various factors, such as pro-inflammatory agents, zinc-dependent endopeptidases, growth factors and circulating microRNAs (miRs). To evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a, miR-145 and miR-222, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -9, -13 and -14) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with different phenotypes of coronary artery disease (CAD): ischemia\/angina with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA\/ANOCA) and obstructive CAD (oCAD) compared with a control group. This cross-sectional observational study included 157 subjects with a verified CAD diagnosis (51 patients with INOCA, 76 patients with oCAD and 30 healthy volunteers). The expression of miR-34a, miR-145 and miR-222 (RT-PCR) and the levels of VEGF, TNF-\u03b1, MMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-13 and MMP-14 (ELISA) were estimated in plasma samples. A higher concentration of MMP-9 was found in oCAD-group samples compared to the INOCA\/ANOCA group. The INOCA\/ANOCA group was characterized by higher levels of TNF-\u03b1. Based on multivariate regression analysis, a mathematical model predicting the type of CA lesion was constructed. MiR-145 was the independent predictor of INOCA\/ANOCA (p = 0.006). Changes in concentrations of MMP-9 and MMP-14 were found in both investigated CAD groups, with MMP-9 levels being significantly higher in obstructive CAD samples than in INOCA\/ANOCA, which confirms the role of inflammation in the development of atherosclerosis. A multivariate regression analysis allowed us to achieve a model that can predict the phenotype of stable CAD, and MiR-145 can be assumed as an independent predictor of INOCA\/ANOCA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T04:01:29Z","timestamp":1733198489000},"page":"12978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["MiRNA-34a, miRNA-145, and miRNA-222 Expression, Matrix Metalloproteinases, TNF-\u03b1 and VEGF in Patients with Different Phenotypes of Coronary Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9744-9183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfiya Oskarovna","family":"Iusupova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0113-8768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolay Nikolaevich","family":"Pakhtusov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1172-1116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga Alexandrovna","family":"Slepova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia Vladimirovna","family":"Khabarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena Vitalievna","family":"Privalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina Vladimirovna","family":"Bure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Vyacheslavovna","family":"Nemtsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3014-6129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuri Nikitich","family":"Belenkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Therapy No 1, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.201217.001","article-title":"Epidemiology and the Magnitude of Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Narrative Review","volume":"11","author":"Ralapanawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-023-02442-8","article-title":"Mendelian Randomization Studies on Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"13","author":"Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Syst. 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