{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:01:12Z","timestamp":1792872072685,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":202,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Calcium ions play a key role in the physiological processes of the central nervous system. The intracellular calcium signal, in nerve cells, is part of the neurotransmission mechanism. They are responsible for stabilizing membrane potential and controlling the excitability of neurons. Calcium ions are a universal second messenger that participates in depolarizing signal transduction and contributes to synaptic activity. These ions take an active part in the mechanisms related to memory and learning. As a result of depolarization of the plasma membrane or stimulation of receptors, there is an extracellular influx of calcium ions into the cytosol or mobilization of these cations inside the cell, which increases the concentration of these ions in neurons. The influx of calcium ions into neurons occurs via plasma membrane receptors and voltage-dependent ion channels. Calcium channels play a key role in the functioning of the nervous system, regulating, among others, neuronal depolarization and neurotransmitter release. Channelopathies are groups of diseases resulting from mutations in genes encoding ion channel subunits, observed including the pathophysiology of neurological diseases such as migraine. A disturbed ability of neurons to maintain an appropriate level of calcium ions is also observed in such neurodegenerative processes as Alzheimer\u2019s disease, Parkinson\u2019s disease, Huntington\u2019s disease, and epilepsy. This review focuses on the involvement of calcium ions in physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous system. We also consider the use of calcium ions as a target for pharmacotherapy in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252313133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T09:55:20Z","timestamp":1733478920000},"page":"13133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Calcium Ions in the Physiology and Pathology of the Central Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1789-9925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damian","family":"Pikor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miko\u0142aj","family":"Hur\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"S\u0142owikowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliwia","family":"Szymanowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Poszwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Banaszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicja","family":"Drelichowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9046-6802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142 P.","family":"Jagodzi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Kozubski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8241-0403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolanta","family":"Dorszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1857-22.2023","article-title":"Synaptotagmin 9 modulates spontaneous neurotransmitter release in striatal neurons by regulating substance P secretion","volume":"43","author":"Seibert","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guan, P.P., Cao, L.L., and Wang, P. (2021). Elevating the levels of calcium ions exacerbate Alzheimer\u2019s disease via inducing the production and aggregation of \u03b2-amyloid protein and phosphorylated tau. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115900"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baracaldo-Santamar\u00eda, D., Avenda\u00f1o-Lopez, S.S., Ariza-Salamanca, D.F., Rodriguez-Giraldo, M., Calderon-Ospina, C.A., Gonz\u00e1lez-Reyes, R.E., and Nava-Mesa, M.O. (2023). Role of calcium modulation in the pathophysiology and treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24109067"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matuz-Mares, D., Gonz\u00e1lez-Andrade, M., Araiza-Villanueva, M.G., Vilchis-Landeros, M.M., and V\u00e1zquez-Meza, H. (2022). Mitochondrial calcium: Effects of its imbalance in disease. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11050801"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leandrou, E., Emmanouilidou, E., and Vekrellis, K. (2019). Voltage-gated calcium channels and \u03b1-synuclein: Implications in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00237"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Intihar, T.A., Martinez, E.A., and Gomez-Pastor, R. (2019). Mitochondrial dysfunction in Huntington\u2019s disease; Interplay between HSF1, p53 and PGC-1\u03b1 transcription factors. Front. Cell. Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00103"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.2c00305","article-title":"Small-molecule disruptors of mutant huntingtin-calmodulin protein-protein interaction attenuate deleterious effects of mutant huntingtin","volume":"13","author":"Kapadia","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kowalska, M., Prendecki, M., Piekut, T., Kozubski, W., and Dorszewska, J. (2021). Migraine: Calcium channels and glia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052688"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2020.1724285","article-title":"Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): Role in migraine pathophysiology and therapeutic targeting","volume":"24","author":"Wattiez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Targets"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Proft, J., Rzhepetskyy, Y., Lazniewska, J., Zhang, F.X., Cain, S.M., Snutch, T.P., Zamponi, G.W., and Weiss, N. (2017). The Cacna1h mutation in the GAERS model of absence epilepsy enhances T-type Ca2+ currents by altering calnexin-dependent trafficking of Cav3.2 channels. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11591-5"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, T.S., Huang, T.H., Lai, M.C., and Huang, C.W. (2023). The role of glutamate receptors in epilepsy. Biomedicines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11030783"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.07.007","article-title":"Genetic variations in GABA metabolism and epilepsy","volume":"101","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiozzi, P., Sarti, A.C., Sanz, J.M., Giuliani, A.L., Adinolfi, E., Vultaggio-Poma, V., Falzoni, S., and Di Virgilio, F. (2019). Amyloid \u03b2-dependent mitochondrial toxicity in mouse microglia requires P2X7 receptor expression and is prevented by nimodipine. Sci. Rep., 9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42931-2"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2018.02.001","article-title":"Nimodipine attenuates the parkinsonian neurotoxin, MPTP-induced changes in the calcium binding proteins, calpain and calbindin","volume":"95","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem. Neuroanat."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.29.1_supplement.771.4","article-title":"Nimodipine: A novel protective calcium channel blocker against 3-nitropropionic acid induced Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Khalil","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carson, L., Kui, C., Smith, G., and Dixit, A.K. (2021). The Effect of the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic on stroke and tia patient admissions: Perspectives and risk factors. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10071357"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1680","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1680","article-title":"Genetic variants related to successful migraine prophylaxis with verapamil","volume":"9","author":"Cutrer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Genom. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Godoy, L.D., Prizon, T., Rossignoli, M.T., Leite, J.P., and Liberato, J.L. (2022). Parvalbumin role in epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidities: From mechanism to intervention. Front. Integr. Neurosci., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2022.765324"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.07.020","article-title":"Keeping our calcium in balance to maintain our balance","volume":"483","author":"Mark","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-020-0278-2","article-title":"Presynaptic calcium channels: Specialized control of synaptic neurotransmitter release","volume":"21","author":"Dolphin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1080\/19336950.2021.1900024","article-title":"More than a pore: How voltage-gated calcium channels act on different levels of neuronal communication regulation","volume":"15","author":"Heck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Channels"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malsam, J., and S\u00f6llner, T.H. (2021). Organization of SNAREs within the golgi stack. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol., 3.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a005249"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.08.019","article-title":"Multiple roles of calcium ions in the regulation of neurotransmitter release","volume":"59","author":"Neher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0070-2161(08)60835-7","article-title":"The regulation of intracellular calcium","volume":"10","author":"Carafoli","year":"1978","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Membr. Transp."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.11.028","article-title":"Calcium signaling","volume":"131","author":"Clapham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1139\/o83-115","article-title":"Calmodulin: An introduction","volume":"61","author":"Stevens","year":"1983","journal-title":"Can. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.08.021","article-title":"Calmodulin-kinases: Modulators of neuronal development and plasticity","volume":"59","author":"Wayman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00803-5","article-title":"Long-term potentiation and long-term depression in hippocampal CA1 neurons of mice lacking the IP3 type 1 receptor","volume":"117","author":"Nagase","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1139\/y99-079","article-title":"Calcium signals in long-term potentiation and long-term depression","volume":"77","author":"Connor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00fcscher, C., and Malenka, R.C. (2012). NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation and Long-term depression (LTP\/LTD). Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol., 4.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a005710"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl082","article-title":"Plasticity in the human central nervous system","volume":"129","author":"Cooke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-00636-4","article-title":"Calcineurin","volume":"18","author":"Creamer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2007.02.005","article-title":"Long-term depression: Multiple forms and implications for brain function","volume":"30","author":"Massey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Himmel, N.J., and Cox, D.N. (2020). Transient receptor potential channels: Current perspectives on evolution, structure, function and nomenclature. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci., 287.","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2020.1309"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3386","article-title":"Neuronal calcium homeostasis and dysregulation","volume":"14","author":"Gleichmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bollimuntha, S., Pani, B., and Singh, B.B. (2017). Neuronal store-operated Ca2+ signaling: An overview and its function. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 993.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57732-6_27"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00057.x","article-title":"Mitochondria and calcium: From cell signalling to cell death","volume":"529","author":"Duchen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-018-0583-8","article-title":"The SERCA2: A gatekeeper of neuronal calcium homeostasis in the brain","volume":"38","author":"Britzolaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-12457-1_6","article-title":"A Role for SERCA pumps in the neurobiology of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"1131","author":"Britzolaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khakh, B.S., and McCarthy, K.D. (2015). Astrocyte calcium signaling: From observations to functions and the challenges therein. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol., 7.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a020404"},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"203","article-title":"Calcium-dependent regulation of ion channels","volume":"1","author":"Shah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Calcium Bind. Proteins"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24104","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M605930200","article-title":"The alpha1-beta-subunit interaction that modulates calcium channel activity is reversible and requires a competent alpha-interaction domain","volume":"281","author":"Hidalgo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2014.57.1.1","article-title":"Channelopathies","volume":"57","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2022_625","article-title":"CACNA1A-Related Channelopathies: Clinical manifestations and treatment options","volume":"279","author":"Indelicato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spekker, E., Nagy-Gr\u00f3cz, G., and V\u00e9csei, L. (2023). Ion channel disturbances in migraine headache: Exploring the potential role of the kynurenine system in the context of the trigeminovascular system. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242316574"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koch, N.A., Sonnenberg, L., Hedrich, U.B.S., Lauxmann, S., and Benda, J. (2023). Loss or gain of function? Effects of ion channel mutations on neuronal firing depend on the neuron type. Front. Neurol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1194811"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catterall, W.A. (2011). Voltage-gated calcium channels. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol., 3.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a003947"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X20666220327211156","article-title":"The Role of voltage-gated calcium channels in basal ganglia neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"21","author":"Correa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szymanowicz, O., Dru\u017cd\u017c, A., S\u0142owikowski, B., Pawlak, S., Potocka, E., Goutor, U., Konieczny, M., Ciasto\u0144, M., Lewandowska, A., and Jagodzi\u0144ski, P.P. (2024). A Review of the CACNA gene family: Its role in neurological disorders. Diseases, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases12050090"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6619","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0373-15.2015","article-title":"Migraine: Multiple processes, complex pathophysiology","volume":"35","author":"Burstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-010-0802-8","article-title":"CaV2.1 channelopathies","volume":"460","author":"Pietrobon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv. Eur. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74923","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.74923","article-title":"CaV2.1 channel mutations causing familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 increase the susceptibility for cortical spreading depolarizations and seizures and worsen outcome after experimental traumatic brain injury","volume":"11","author":"Terpolilli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192242399","article-title":"Familial hemiplegic migraine mutations increase Ca(2+) influx through single human CaV2.1 channels and decrease maximal CaV2.1 current density in neurons","volume":"99","author":"Tottene","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.026716","article-title":"The familial hemiplegic migraine mutation R192Q reduces G-protein-mediated inhibition of P\/Q-type (Ca(V)2.1) calcium channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells","volume":"546","author":"Melliti","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1031","article-title":"Delayed cerebral edema and fatal coma after minor head trauma: Role of the CACNA1A calcium channel subunit gene and relationship with familial hemiplegic migraine","volume":"49","author":"Kors","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6136401","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6136401","article-title":"CACNA1B (Cav2.2) Overexpression and its association with clinicopathologic characteristics and unfavorable prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"2017","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrade, A., Brennecke, A., Mallat, S., Brown, J., Gomez-Rivadeneira, J., Czepiel, N., and Londrigan, L. (2019). Genetic Associations between Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Psychiatric Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201906.0192.v1"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu513","article-title":"CACNA1B mutation is linked to unique myoclonus-dystonia syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Groen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2022_624","article-title":"CACNA1C-related channelopathies","volume":"279","author":"Herold","year":"2023","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.114.009654","article-title":"The physiology, pathology, and pharmacology of voltage-gated calcium channels and their future therapeutic potential","volume":"67","author":"Zamponi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"01292","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1292","article-title":"CACNA1C (rs1006737) may be a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia: An updated meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2018.09.006","article-title":"De Novo pathogenic variants in CACNA1E cause developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with contractures, macrocephaly, and dyskinesias","volume":"103","author":"Helbig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(89)90069-X","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the Drosophila trp locus: A putative integral membrane protein required for phototransduction","volume":"2","author":"Montell","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02196","article-title":"TRP channels as cellular sensors","volume":"426","author":"Clapham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, D. (2024). TRPA1-Related Diseases and Applications of Nanotherapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179234"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.2174\/1389202921666200415181222","article-title":"Analysis of genetic variants in SCN1A, SCN2A, KCNK18, TRPA1 and STX1A as a possible marker of migraine","volume":"21","author":"Kowalska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Genomics"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masood, T., Lakatos, S., and Rosta, J. (2023). Modification of the TRP Channel TRPA1 as a Relevant Factor in Migraine-Related Intracranial Hypersensitivity. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065375"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-1999-1601","article-title":"Biphasic effect of calcium influx on tau phosphorylation: Involvement of calcium-dependent phosphatase and kinase activities","volume":"1","author":"Shea","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2019.102150","article-title":"Tau inhibits mitochondrial calcium efflux and makes neurons vulnerable to calcium-induced cell death","volume":"86","author":"Britti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.233435","article-title":"Role of presynaptic calcium stores for neural network dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Lerdkrai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1279","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1714409115","article-title":"Intracellular Ca2+ stores control in vivo neuronal hyperactivity in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"115","author":"Lerdkrai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taoufik, E., Kouroupi, G., Zygogianni, O., and Matsas, R. (2018). Synaptic dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases: An overview of induced pluripotent stem-cell-based disease models. Open Biol., 8.","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.180138"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201606210","article-title":"The Amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease at 25 Years","volume":"8","author":"Selkoe","year":"2016","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s10059-011-0075-x","article-title":"Effects of amyloid-\u03b2 peptides on voltage-gated L-type Ca(V)1.2 and Ca(V)1.3 Ca(2+) channels","volume":"32","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cells"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12128","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2474-10.2010","article-title":"NMDA-Mediated Ca(2+) Influx drives aberrant ryanodine receptor activation in dendrites of young Alzheimer\u2019s disease mice","volume":"30","author":"Goussakov","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, C., and Ma, Y.Y. (2021). Calcium Permeable-AMPA receptors and excitotoxicity in neurological disorders. Front. Neural Circuits, 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2021.711564"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.08.020","article-title":"L-type voltage-gated calcium channel blockade with isradipine as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Anekonda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-013-8226-1","article-title":"TRPC6 Inhibited NMDA current in cultured hippocampal neurons","volume":"15","author":"Shen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuromol. Med."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prikhodko, V., Chernyuk, D., Sysoev, Y., Zernov, N., Okovityi, S., and Popugaeva, E. (2020). Potential drug candidates to treat TRPC6 channel deficiencies in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and brain ischemia. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112351"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2016.09.001","article-title":"Calcium at the center of cell signaling: Interplay between endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes","volume":"41","author":"Raffaello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thiel, G., Schmidt, T., and Rossler, O.G. (2021). Ca2+ Microdomains, calcineurin and the regulation of gene transcription. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10040875"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Speranza, L., di Porzio, U., Viggiano, D., de Donato, A., and Volpicelli, F. (2021). Dopamine: The Neuromodulator of Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Reward and Movement Control. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10040735"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bastioli, G., Piccirillo, S., Graciotti, L., Carone, M., Sprega, G., Taoussi, O., Preziuso, A., and Castaldo, P. (2024). Calcium deregulation in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: Role of calcium-storing organelles and sodium\u2013calcium exchanger. Cells, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13151301"},{"key":"ref_84","first-page":"28","article-title":"Comparison of the calcium-related factors in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients with healthy individuals","volume":"11","author":"Sarfi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Caspian J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-020-00924-0","article-title":"Building a bridge between NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic and acute diseases","volume":"41","author":"Mira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1200","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00329.2013","article-title":"Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 L-type calcium channels operate in a similar voltage range but show different coupling to Ca(2+)-dependent conductances in hippocampal neurons","volume":"306","author":"Hasreiter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29367","article-title":"Effects of dihydropyridines on the motor and cognitive outcomes of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"38","author":"Jung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI95898","article-title":"Systemic isradipine treatment diminishes calcium-dependent mitochondrial oxidant stress","volume":"128","author":"Guzman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2011.04.007","article-title":"The L-type channel antagonist isradipine is neuroprotective in a mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Ilijic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-020-0593-1","article-title":"Urolithin A suppresses high glucose-induced neuronal amyloidogenesis by modulating TGM2-dependent ER-mitochondria contacts and calcium homeostasis","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25322","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1906565116","article-title":"DJ-1 regulates the integrity and function of ER-mitochondria association through interaction with IP3R3-Grp75-VDAC","volume":"116","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_92","first-page":"187","article-title":"A historical review of cellular calcium handling, with emphasis on mitochondria","volume":"70","author":"Saris","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31674","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R112.384982","article-title":"Ca2+-dependent transcriptional control of Ca2+ homeostasis","volume":"287","author":"Naranjo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5037","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.10.5037","article-title":"Expansion of polyglutamine repeat in huntingtin leads to abnormal protein interactions involving calmodulin","volume":"93","author":"Bao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreutz, M.R., Naranjo, J.R., Koch, K.W., and Schwaller, B. (2012). The neuronal functions of EF-Hand Ca2+-binding proteins. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 5.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2012.00092"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2008.00258.x","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of calmodulin peptide 76-121aa: Disruption of calmodulin binding to mutant huntingtin","volume":"20","author":"Dudek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2014.151","article-title":"Calpain inhibition mediates autophagy-dependent protection against polyglutamine toxicity","volume":"22","author":"Menzies","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00041.2009","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutical targets in Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"90","author":"Zuccato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.17.1911","article-title":"Dysregulation of gene expression in the R6\/2 model of polyglutamine disease: Parallel changes in muscle and brain","volume":"11","author":"Hanson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl013","article-title":"Regional and cellular gene expression changes in human Huntington\u2019s disease brain","volume":"15","author":"Hodges","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm133","article-title":"Mutant huntingtin\u2019s effects on striatal gene expression in mice recapitulate changes observed in human Huntington\u2019s disease brain and do not differ with mutant huntingtin length or wild-type huntingtin dosage","volume":"16","author":"Kuhn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Czeredys, M., Gruszczynska-Biegala, J., Schacht, T., Methner, A., and Kuznicki, J. (2013). Expression of genes encoding the calcium signalosome in cellular and transgenic models of Huntington\u2019s disease. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2013.00042"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cesca, F., Bregant, E., Peterlin, B., Zadel, M., Dubsky de Wittenau, G., Siciliano, G., Ceravolo, R., Petrozzi, L., Pauletto, G., and Verriello, L. (2015). Evaluating the SERCA2 and VEGF mRNAs as potential molecular biomarkers of the onset and progression in Huntington\u2019s disease. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125259"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2011.04.012","article-title":"Neuronal store-operated calcium entry pathway as a novel therapeutic target for Huntington\u2019s disease treatment","volume":"18","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2015.03.010","article-title":"Disturbed calcium signaling in spinocerebellar ataxias and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"40","author":"Egorova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1134\/S0012496610040162","article-title":"Changes in the store-dependent calcium influx in a cellular model of Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"433","author":"Glushankova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dokl. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vigont, V., Kolobkova, Y., Skopin, A., Zimina, O., Zenin, V., Glushankova, L., and Kaznacheyeva, E. (2015). Both Orai1 and TRPC1 are Involved in excessive store-operated calcium entry in striatal neurons expressing mutant Huntingtin exon. Front. Physiol., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00337"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-016-0092-5","article-title":"Manifestation of Huntington\u2019s disease pathology in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons","volume":"11","author":"Nekrasov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2602","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409402102","article-title":"Disturbed Ca2+ signaling and apoptosis of medium spiny neurons in Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"102","author":"Tang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201000102","article-title":"Mitochondrial fission and cristae disruption increase the response of cell models of Huntington\u2019s disease to apoptotic stimuli","volume":"2","author":"Costa","year":"2010","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn404","article-title":"Effects of overexpression of huntingtin proteins on mitochondrial integrity","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1762","article-title":"Roles of IP3R and RyR Ca2+ channels in endoplasmic reticulum stress and beta-cell death","volume":"58","author":"Luciani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/35036035","article-title":"The versatility and universality of calcium signalling","volume":"1","author":"Berridge","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.03.016","article-title":"Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channels: Structure, function, and dysfunction","volume":"82","author":"Simms","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(96)00440-X","article-title":"Loss of Calbindin-D28K immunoreactivity from dentate granule cells in human temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"76","author":"Magloczky","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_116","first-page":"7396793","article-title":"Depression and temporal lobe epilepsy: Expression pattern of calbindin immunoreactivity in hippocampal dentate gyrus of patients who underwent epilepsy surgery with and without comorbid depression","volume":"2019","author":"Konopka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2010.02.001","article-title":"Intracellular Ca2+ storage in health and disease: A dynamic equilibrium","volume":"47","author":"Sammels","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a022723","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a022723","article-title":"The role of calcium channels in epilepsy","volume":"6","author":"Rajakulendran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(88)90194-4","article-title":"Multiple types of neuronal calcium channels and their selective modulation","volume":"11","author":"Tsien","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4859","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1701078114","article-title":"Contacts between the endoplasmic reticulum and other membranes in neurons","volume":"114","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35855","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608247200","article-title":"Stored Ca2+ depletion-induced oligomerization of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) via the EF-SAM region: An initiation mechanism for capacitive Ca2+ entry","volume":"281","author":"Stathopulos","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.051","article-title":"TMCO1 is an ER Ca(2+) load-activated Ca(2+) channel","volume":"165","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.07.003","article-title":"The SLC8 gene family of sodium-calcium exchangers (NCX)\u2014Structure, function, and regulation in health and disease","volume":"34","author":"Khananshvili","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20070619","article-title":"Na+\/Ca2+ exchangers: Three mammalian gene families control Ca2+ transport","volume":"406","author":"Lytton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2733","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.40657","article-title":"Expanding clinical phenotype in CACNA1C related disorders: From neonatal onset severe epileptic encephalopathy to late-onset epilepsy","volume":"176","author":"Bozarth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. A"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2555-15.2016","article-title":"Isolated P\/Q calcium channel deletion in layer VI corticothalamic neurons generates absence epilepsy","volume":"36","author":"Bomben","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stendel, C., D\u2019Adamo, M., Wiessner, M., Dusl, M., Cenciarini, M., Belia, S., Nematian-Ardestani, E., Bauer, P., Senderek, J., and Klopstock, T. (2020). Association of a novel splice site mutation in P\/Q-type calcium channels with childhood epilepsy and late-onset slowly progressive non-episodic cerebellar ataxia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113810"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh301","article-title":"Dysfunction of the brain calcium channel CaV2.1 in absence epilepsy and episodic ataxia","volume":"127","author":"Imbrici","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05971-2","article-title":"Human epilepsy associated with dysfunction of the brain P\/Q-type calcium channel","volume":"358","author":"Jouvenceau","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.005","article-title":"Bi-allelic loss-of-function CACNA1B mutations in progressive epilepsy-dyskinesia","volume":"104","author":"Gorman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2011.05.015","article-title":"Hallmarks of the channelopathies associated with L-type calcium channels: A focus on the Timothy mutations in Ca(v)1.2 channels","volume":"93","author":"Bidaud","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.14581\/jer.22006","article-title":"CACNA1H epilepsy and hearing loss in a patient with a rare heterozygous variant in the gene","volume":"12","author":"Algahtani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2009.02015.x","article-title":"History of migraine with aura and cortical spreading depression from 1941 and onwards","volume":"30","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2009.01983.x","article-title":"Cortical spreading depression-new insights and persistent questions","volume":"29","author":"Charles","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01643-9","article-title":"Mechanisms of initiation of cortical spreading depression","volume":"24","author":"Vitale","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.4161\/chan.5.2.14149","article-title":"Role of different voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in cortical spreading depression: Specific requirement of P\/Q-type Ca2+ channels","volume":"14","author":"Tottene","year":"2011","journal-title":"Channels"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.01.027","article-title":"Enhanced excitatory transmission at cortical synapses as the basis for facilitated spreading depression in Ca(v)2.1 knockin migraine mice","volume":"61","author":"Tottene","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01547-8","article-title":"Genetics of migraine: Where are we now?","volume":"24","author":"Grangeon","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Headache Pain"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.01.008","article-title":"Familial hemiplegic migraine","volume":"4","author":"Pietrobon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.114","article-title":"The Role of CaV2.1 Channel facilitation in synaptic facilitation","volume":"26","author":"Weyrer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21815","article-title":"High cortical spreading depression susceptibility and migraine-associated symptoms in Ca(v)2.1 S218L mice","volume":"67","author":"Pizzorusso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1086\/302192","article-title":"Recurrence of the T666M calcium channel CACNA1A gene mutation in familial hemiplegic migraine with progressive cerebellar ataxia","volume":"64","author":"Ducros","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03255-5","article-title":"Whole exome sequencing of hemiplegic migraine patients shows an increased burden of missense variants in CACNA1H and CACNA1I genes","volume":"60","author":"Maksemous","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2945","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa242","article-title":"Functional gene networks reveal distinct mechanisms segregating in migraine families","volume":"143","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13107","article-title":"Possible involvement of the CACNA1E gene in migraine: A search for single nucleotide polymorphism in different clinical phenotypes","volume":"57","author":"Ambrosini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412463494","article-title":"CACNA1H antibodies associated with headache with neurological deficits and cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL)","volume":"33","author":"Kaya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2024.03.010","article-title":"Voltage-gated calcium channels as potential therapeutic targets in migraine","volume":"25","author":"Chichorro","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201606666","article-title":"An intranasally delivered peptide drug ameliorates cognitive decline in Alzheimer transgenic mice","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135351","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of Riluzole and Curcumin in human astrocytes and spinal cord white matter hypoxia","volume":"738","author":"Daverey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12549","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2080-16.2016","article-title":"Immunotherapy with aducanumab restores calcium homeostasis in Tg2576 mice","volume":"36","author":"Kastanenka","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-013-1844-y","article-title":"Association of heat-shock proteins in various neurodegenerative disorders: Is it a master key to open the therapeutic door?","volume":"386","author":"Paul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410502-7.00002-8","article-title":"The relevance of metals in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration, pathological considerations","volume":"Volume 110","author":"Jellinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Review of Neurobiology"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuhnert, N., Karak\u00f6se, H., and Jaiswal, R. (2012). Analysis of chlorogenic acids and other hydroxycinnamates in food, plants and pharmacokinetic studies. Handbook of Analysis of Active Compounds in Functional Foods, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/b11653-26"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.25.2.194","article-title":"Different mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction with aging and hypertension in rat aorta","volume":"25","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21937","article-title":"L-type calcium channel blockers and Parkinson disease in Denmark","volume":"67","author":"Ritz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.178","article-title":"Selective neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson disease","volume":"18","author":"Surmeier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1038-15.2016","article-title":"Enhanced store-operated calcium entry leads to striatal synaptic loss in a Huntington\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"36","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9662-8","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s disease: Relationship between phenotype and genotype","volume":"54","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.08.106","article-title":"Tetrahydrocarbazoles decrease elevated SOCE in medium spiny neurons from transgenic YAC128 mice, a model of Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"483","author":"Czeredys","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4411-08.2009","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor C-terminal fragment in a Huntington\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"29","author":"Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2011.64","article-title":"Calcium binding protein-mediated regulation of voltagegated calcium channels linked to human diseases","volume":"32","author":"Nejatbakhsh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.06.012","article-title":"Epilepsy-causing mutations in Kv7.2 C-terminus affect binding and functional modulation by calmodulin","volume":"1852","author":"Ambrosino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.06.006","article-title":"Pharmaco-genetic therapeutics targeting parvalbumin neurons attenuate temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"117","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toth, K., and Magloczky, Z. (2014). The vulnerability of calretinin-containing hippocampal interneurons to temporal lobe epilepsy. Front. Neuroanat., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2014.00100"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1155","article-title":"Calcium signalling: Dynamics, homeostasis and remodelling","volume":"4","author":"Berridge","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-05-01831.2000","article-title":"Surviving granule cells of the sclerotic human hippocampus have reduced Ca(2+) influx because of a loss of calbindin-D(28k) in temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"20","author":"Nagerl","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jnen.0000202886.22082.2a","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis signaling in human temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"65","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20311","article-title":"Restoration of calbindin after fetal hippocampal CA3 cell grafting into the injured hippocampus in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"17","author":"Shetty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, L., and Wang, Y. (2021). Gene therapy in epilepsy. Biomed. Pharmacother., 143.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112075"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.12.015","article-title":"ASICs as therapeutic targets for migraine","volume":"94","author":"Dussor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1940","article-title":"A tarantula peptide against pain via ASIC1a channels and opioid mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Mazzuca","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23653","article-title":"Acid-sensing ion channel 1: A novel therapeutic target for migraine with aura","volume":"72","author":"Holland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.188003","article-title":"Insights into migraine mechanisms and CaV2.1 calcium channel function from mouse models of familial hemiplegic migraine","volume":"588","author":"Pietrobon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054718773927","article-title":"Neuropsychological performance patterns of adult ADHD subtypes","volume":"23","author":"LeRoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Atten. Disord."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-6191-2_19","article-title":"Role of calcium in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and transgenic models","volume":"45","author":"Green","year":"2007","journal-title":"Subcell Biochem."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2146","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16074-2","article-title":"Increased mitochondrial calcium levels associated with neuronal death in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.10.004","article-title":"Mitochondria and calcium in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: From cell signaling to neuronal cell death","volume":"44","author":"Bacskai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Esteras, N., and Abramov, A.Y. (2020). Mitochondrial calcium deregulation in the mechanism of beta-amyloid and tau pathology. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9092135"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1008-1020","article-title":"Portal to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Starkov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1733-7","article-title":"Post-translational remodeling of ryanodine receptor induces calcium leak leading to Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like pathologies and cognitive deficits","volume":"134","author":"Lacampagne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12325","article-title":"Age-related calcium dysregulation linked with tau pathology and impaired cognition in non-human primates","volume":"17","author":"Datta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cortes, L., Malva, J., Rego, A.C., and Pereira, C.F. (2020). Calcium signaling in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21031125"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.06.005","article-title":"Neuronal calcium mishandling and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"31","author":"Bezprozvanny","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.391310","article-title":"Magnesium-L-threonate treats Alzheimer\u2019s disease by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis","volume":"19","author":"Liao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.02.110","article-title":"Store-operated calcium entry: Mechanisms and modulation","volume":"460","author":"Hogan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Secondo, A., Bagetta, G., and Amantea, D. (2018). On the role of store-operated calcium entry in acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2018.00087"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.028738","article-title":"The role of Ca2+ signaling in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Zaichick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a009290","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a009290","article-title":"Physiological phenotype and vulnerability in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Surmeier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15745","article-title":"Mitochondrial sodium\/calcium exchanger NCLX regulates glycolysis in astrocytes, impacting on cognitive performance","volume":"165","author":"Agulla","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-8-23","article-title":"The synaptic maintenance problem: Membrane recycling, Ca2+ homeostasis and late onset degeneration","volume":"8","author":"Bezprozvanny","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.142448","article-title":"Corticostriatal synaptic function in mouse models of Huntington\u2019s disease: Early effects of huntingtin repeat length and protein load","volume":"585","author":"Milnerwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2010.08.002","article-title":"Early synaptic pathophysiology in neurodegeneration: Insights from Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Milnerwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.10.107","article-title":"Calcium leak through ryanodine receptor is involved in neuronal death induced by mutant huntingtin","volume":"429","author":"Suzuki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-6-81","article-title":"Dantrolene is neuroprotective in Huntington\u2019s disease transgenic mouse model","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2017.06.008","article-title":"Calcium signaling and molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"70","author":"Pchitskaya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vigont, V.A., Zimina, O.A., Glushankova, L.N., Volodina, A.M., Vasileva, D.Y., Zimnikova, E.A., Timaeva, A.A., Kazantsev, A.G., Skopin, A.Y., and Kaznacheyeva, E.V. (2021). STIM2 mediates excessive store-operated calcium entry in patient-specific ipsc-derived neurons modeling a juvenile form of Huntington\u2019s disease. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.625231"},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.2174\/0113895575273868231128104121","article-title":"Calcium modulating effect of polycyclic cages: A suitable therapeutic approach against excitotoxic-induced neurodegeneration","volume":"24","author":"Egunlusi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mini-Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, X., and Hong, L. (2021). Calmodulin interactions with voltage-gated sodium channels. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22189798"},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12074","article-title":"The prevalence, impact, and treatment of migraine and SE-vere headaches in the United States: A review of statistics from national surveillance studies","volume":"53","author":"Smitherman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-2211-8","article-title":"Recent advances in migraine therapy","volume":"5","author":"Antonaci","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.13","article-title":"Chronic migraine classification, characteristics and treatment","volume":"8","author":"Diener","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beswick, P. (2017). Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry III, Elsevier BV. Progress in the discovery of Ca channel blockers for the treatment of pain.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-409547-2.12438-2"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/23\/13133\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:48:47Z","timestamp":1760114927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/23\/13133"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"references-count":202,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms252313133"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms252313133","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]}}}