{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T08:16:45Z","timestamp":1785572205435,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG3F1091-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3F1091-3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG3F1091-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3F1091-3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109-2314-B-182-083-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG3F1091-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3F1091-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is prevalent among children and is associated with elevated blood pressure (BP), posing a risk for future hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. While the roles of gut microbiota and systemic inflammation in OSAS pathogenesis are recognized in adults and animal models, their impact on pediatric BP remains less understood. This cross-sectional study explored the relationships between polysomnographic parameters, gut microbiota, systemic inflammation, and BP in 60 children with OSAS. Significant associations between specific microbial profiles\u2014including beta diversity and 31 marker microbes\u2014and BP variations were observed. These microbial profiles correlated with significant alterations in systemic inflammation markers like interleukin-17 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1. Notably, the relative abundance of Acinetobacter was related to fluctuations in these inflammatory markers and BP levels. The research further highlighted the unique microbial and cytokine profiles exhibited by children with different BP levels, indicating a substantial role of gut microbiota and systemic inflammation in influencing pediatric cardiovascular health. The findings suggest integrating gut microbiota management into comprehensive cardiovascular risk strategies for children with OSAS. This initiative underscores the need for further investigations to decode the mechanisms behind these associations, which could lead to innovative treatments for pediatric OSAS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252413344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T06:29:30Z","timestamp":1733984970000},"page":"13344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploring the Interplay of Gut Microbiota and Systemic Inflammation in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Its Impact on Blood Pressure Status: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0598-5684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chung-Guei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5782-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan-Ni","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9201-0270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Jen","family":"Hsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7805-3458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuan-Jen","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9016-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsueh-Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin-Chia","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8414-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Ang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1671","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"130","author":"Marcus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.02.022","article-title":"Pediatric sleep apnea syndrome: An update","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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