{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T01:55:11Z","timestamp":1775786111824,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jouf University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The most frequent type of leukemia in Africa is chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The genetic background of the rarer Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) Ph-ve (BCR-ABL-ve) subform of CML is largely unknown in African patients. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the role of CYP1A1 and 2D6 SNPs in the pathogenesis of Ph-ve CML in the Sudanese population. A total of 126 patients were selected for analysis. DNA was isolated from Ph-ve CML patients and a control group for PCR-RFLP analysis of SNPs CYP1A1*2C and CYP2D6*4. The CYP1A1 gene significantly expressed the GG variant genotype (p &lt; 0.05) in 23.1% of the Ph-ve CML patients and 8% of the control group. In contrast, the CYP2D6 GA genotype was strongly associated with a reduced risk of developing Ph-ve CML (p &lt; 0.005) with a frequency of 50% in Ph-ve patients and 93% in the control group. CYP1A1 GG polymorphism was prevalent among patients with Ph-ve CML, suggesting its role in disease development. CYP2D6 GA (IM) polymorphism was uncommon among patients, compared with the control group, possibly indicating a protective role of the polymorphisms from Ph-ve CML. This study demonstrates an association between key metabolic SNPs and Ph-ve CML and highlights the role that altered xenobiotic metabolism may play in the development of several human leukemias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252413493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T03:46:02Z","timestamp":1734407162000},"page":"13493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms in Cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1 and 2D6) Gene on the Susceptibility to Philadelphia Negative Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Sudanese Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6219-5312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abozer Y.","family":"Elderdery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hadeil M. E.","family":"Idris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra 15572, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4347-1075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saud Nahar L.","family":"Alruwaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Al-Jouf, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8635-8115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Entesar M.","family":"Tebien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra 15572, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6839-8866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alsrhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2860-5509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fawaz O.","family":"Alenazy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Badr","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emad","family":"Manni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2660-5054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M. E.","family":"Elkhalifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh 13316, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1719-9047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"749","article-title":"Diagnosis of adult Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia by fluorescence in situ hybridization","volume":"41","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2020.21.2.499","article-title":"Genetic Polymorphism of GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 Genes and Susceptibility to Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia","volume":"21","author":"Idris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Pac. 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